PHYTOEXTRACTION OF LEAD FROM POLLUTED SOIL BY  Silybum marianum L.

Ramadhan Omer Hussain

doi:10.26682/avuod.2019.22.1.22

Ramadhan Omer Hussain Dept. of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region - Iraq

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26682/avuod.2019.22.1.22

Keywords: Phytoextraction, Pb, Silybum marianum L, bio-accumulation factor (BAF), bio, concentration factor, Translocation factor

Abstract

The process of remediation soils polluted by heavy metals require huge efforts and economic costs, therefore phytoextraction of heavy metals from these soils is very important, because it is a cost effective and environmentally friend method. This study conducted to estimate lead phytoextraction ability of Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) from soil polluted with lead. A pot experiment was conducted on Milk thistle under plastic house conditions at the Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Duhok. The plant grown in soil polluted artificially with different concentrations of lead (40, 80, 160, and 320 mg. kg^-1 soil) and irrigated with tap water. The study lasted about five months from January 2015 to the end of May 2015. At the end of the experiment the biomass of roots and shoots determined. Concentration of lead in roots and shoots also determined. Bioconcentration factor (BCF), translocation factor (TF), bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and removed lead also measured. Plant’s biomass decreases as lead concentration in soil increased and the lowest biomass recorded in plants sampled from pots received higher lead. Lead content in shoots and roots of S. marianum ranged from (26.06-49.56) and (26.74-44.70) mg.kg^-1 d.wt respectively. Values of (BCF), (BAF), and (TF) ranged from (0.13-1.07), (0.14-1.04) and (0.92-1.20) respectively. The amount of removed lead by each plant ranged from (213.3-285.6 µg. plant^-1). Milk thistle plants showed a good ability for translocation of absorbed lead from roots to shoots therefore it can be considered a hyperaccumulator plant of lead because TF was more than one.

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References

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