أنماط المناخ الأخلاقي ودورها في تحسين التحفيز الأكاديمي لطلاب التعليم العالي دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من الطلاب في كليات جامعة دهوك
Keywords:
Ethical Climate, Improv
Abstract
أسهمت عدد من التـــساؤلات الفكرية والتطبيقية في تحديد مـــشكلة البحـــث والتي كان من أبرزها التعرف على طبيعة الارتباط بين المناخ الأخلاقي والتحفيز الأكاديمي للطلبة فــي كليات جامعة دهوك، وهــل هناك تأثير للمناخ الأخلاقي وانماطه في تحسين مستويات التحفيز الأكاديمي للطلاب، مما يساهم في تطوير أنموذج للمناخ الأخلاقي في الجامعة وذلك عن طريق التطبيق الميداني لتلك المتغيرات وتسليط الضوء على الأبعاد الفكرية لهذه المواضيع باعتبارها من الموضوعات ذات الصلة بالواقع الحالي للتعليم العالي في إقليم كوردستان العراق، وإمكانية التطبيق في البيئة الجامعية ومن خلال عينة من الطلاب في المراحل المنتهية في عدد من كليات الجامعة المذكورة والتي بلغت 427 فــرداً، وجــرى اختبارهــا بمجموعــة مــن المؤشرات الإحصائية وبتطبيق برنامج SPSS وبنسخته (V.25)، حيث تم استخدام الاستبانة كأداة رئيسة لجمع بيانات الجانب الميداني للبحث. وتوصل البحث إلى عدد من الاستنتاجات كان من أبرزها أن المناخ الأخلاقي له دور كبير في تعزيز مستويات التحفيز الأكاديمي لدى طلاب جامعة دهوك وأن نمط مناخ المبادئ هو النمط السائد في كليات جامعة دهوك مما يدل على أهمية قواعد العمل وإجراءاتها لدى أفراد العينة المستجيبة والتي ترى أن توافر هذا النمط يساعد في تحسين مستويات التحفيز الأكاديمي لهم، واقترح البحث عدداً من الأفكار لتطوير جوانب المناخ الأخلاقي والتحفيز الأكاديمي في مؤسسات التعليم العالي بالإقليم
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Alivernini, F. and Lucidi, F., 2008, The Academic Motivation Scale (AMS): Factorial Structure, Invariance and Validity in the Italian Context, TPM Vol. 15, No. 4, Winter, 211-220.
Areepattamannil, S., and Freeman, J. G., 2008, Academic Achievement, Academic Self-concept, and Academic Motivation of Immigrant Adolescents in the greater Toronto area secondary schools, Journal of Advanced Academics, 19, 700–743.
Barnett, T. and C. Vaicys: 2000, ‘The Moderating Effect of Indıviduals’ Perceptions of Ethical Work Climate on Ethical Judgements and Behavioral Intentions’, Journal of Business Ethics 27, 351–362.
Barton, B., and Peat, J., 2014, Medical Statistics: A Guide to SPSS Data Analysis and Critical Appraisal, 2nd Ed., John Willy & Sons Ltd, New jersey, USA.
Brower, H. H. and C. B. Shrader: 2000, ‘Moral Reasoning and Ethical Climate: Not-For-Profit vs. For-Profit Boards of Directors’, Journal of Business Ethics 26, 147–167.
Cullen, J. B., K. P. Parboteeah, and B. Victor. 2003. The effects of ethical climates on organizational commitment: A two-study analysis. Journal of Business Ethics 46 (2): 127-141.
Destin, M.; Hanselman, P.; Jenny, I.; Tipton, E.; and Yeager D. S., 2019, Do Student Mindsets Differ by Socioeconomic Status and Explain Disparities in Academic Achievement in the United States? SAGE and Open Access pages, Vol. 5, No. 3, July-September, pp. 1–12.
Dinc, M. S., and Drugovic, A., 2018, Linking Ethical Climate to Employee Behaviors: An Empirical Study in Banking Sector, International Conference on Economic and Social Studies (ICESoS), Bosnia and Hercegovina / Sarajevo, 10 – 11 May. 189 -198.
Eisinga, R.; Te Grotenhuis, M.; & Pelzer, B., 2012, The reliability of a two - item scale: Pearson, Cronbach or Spearman-Brown?, International Journal of Public Health 58 (4), 637–642.
Elci, M. and Alpkan, L., 2009, The Impact of Perceived Organizational Ethical Climate on Work Satisfaction, Journal of Business Ethics, 84:297–311.
Fuligni, A. J., and Fuligni, A. S., 2007, Immigrant families and the educational development of their children, Duke series in child development and public policy, New York: Guilford Press, pp. 231–249.
Gul, M; Pekbay K. N; and Gul, K., 2017, The Impact of Ethical Climate on Emotional Organizational Commitment: A Survey in the Accommodation Industry ILIRIA International Review – Vol 7, No 2, pp. 11 – 32.
Hair JR, Joseph F., Black, William C., Babin, Barrys J.& Andersen, Rolph E.(2010),"Multivariate data analysis",7th ed, Upper Saddle River, Prentice- Hall, New Jersey.
Ismail, S. and Yuhanis, N., 2019, Ethical Work Climate in the National Audit Department Offices in Malaysia, Management and Accounting Review, VOL. 18, NO. 1, APRI, 57 – 76.
Ismail, S., 2015, Effects of Ethical Climate on Organizational Commitment, Professional Commitment, and Job Satisfaction of Auditor in Malaysia, International Journal of Business Vol. 17, No. 2 (May-August): 139-155.
Koh, H. Ch. and Boo, E. H., 2001, The link between organizational ethics and job satisfaction: A study of managers in Singapore, Journal of Business Ethics; Feb. Volume 29, No. 4.
Li, Zh. and Qiu, Z., 2018, How does family background affect children’s educational achievement? Evidence from Contemporary China, The Journal of Chinese Sociology, 5:13, pp. 1 – 21.
Martin, K. D., and J. B. Cullen. 2006. Continuities and extensions of ethical climate theory: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Business Ethics 69 (2): 175-194.
Okpara, J. O., and P. Wynn. 2008. The impact of ethical climate on job satisfaction, and commitment in Nigeria: Implications for management development. Journal of Management Development 27 (9): 935- 950.
Peterson, D. K.: 2002, ‘The Relationship Between Unethical Behavior and the Dimensions of the Ethical Climate Questionnaire’, Journal of Business Ethics 41, 313–326.
Reinhart, J.F., 2015, Choosing Between a Nonparametric Test and a Parametric Test, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chi Chester, West Sussex, UK.
Rowell L. L., and Hong, E., 2013, Academic Motivation: Concepts, Strategies, and Counseling Approaches, Professional School Counseling, January, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 158-171.
Ruby, J. and David, K., 2014, A Study Model on the Impact of Various Indicators in the Performance of Students in Higher Education, International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, Volume: 03 Issue: 05, May, pp. 750 -755.
Shafer, W. E., 2009, Ethical climate, organizational-professional conflict and organizational commitment A study of Chinese auditors, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal Vol. 22 No. 7, pp. 1087-1110.
Shafer, W. E., Poon, M. C. C., and Tjosvold, D., 2013, Ethical climate, goal interdependence, and commitment among Asian auditors, Managerial Auditing Journal, 28(3), 217-244.
Steinmayr R.; Heyder A.; Naumburg C.; Michels J.; and Wirthwein L, 2018, School-Related and Individual Predictors of Subjective Well-Being and Academic Achievement, Front Psychol, Vol. 9, Article No.2631, December, pp. 1-16.
Steinmayr, R., and Spinath, B., 2009, The importance of motivation as a predictor of school achievement. Learning and Individual Differences, 19, 80-90.
Steinmayr, R.; Weidinger A.F.; Schwinger, M.; and Spinath, B., 2019, The Importance of Students’ Motivation for Their Academic Achievement – Replicating and Extending Previous Findings, Front Psychol, Vol. 10, Article No.1730, July, pp. 1-11.
Taştan, S. B., & Güçel, C., 2017, The impact of employees’ perceived business ethics and ethical climate on organizational social capital. Turkish Journal of Business Ethics, 10, 47–76.
Taylor, A., And Krahn, H. (2005). Resilient teenagers: Explaining the high educational aspirations of visible minority immigrant youth in Canada. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 6, 405–434.
Utvaer, B. K. and Haugan, G., 2016, The Academic Motivation Scale: Dimensionality, Reliability, and Construct Validity Among Vocational Students, Nordic Journal of Vocational Education and Training, NJVET, Vol. 6, No. 2, 17–45.
VanSandt, C.V. (2001). An examination of the relationship between ethical work climate and moral awareness. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA.
Wang, V. X., 2018, Handbook of Research on Program Development and Assessment Methodologies in K-20 Education, Eastfield College Pleasant Grove Campus, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Published
2021-06-10
How to Cite
MEERO, D. T., MEERO, S. T., & ABASS, S. F. (2021). أنماط المناخ الأخلاقي ودورها في تحسين التحفيز الأكاديمي لطلاب التعليم العالي دراسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من الطلاب في كليات جامعة دهوك. Journal of Duhok University, 24(1), 185-206. https://doi.org/10.26682/hjuod.2021.24.1.11
Section
Humanities and Social Sciences
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