REVIEW ON RADIO OVER FIBER SYSTEMS FOR CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT
Keywords:
RoF, Multiplexing Techniques, PIM/ PM transmitter, Mm wave generation Techniques
Abstract
Radio-over-fiber (RoF) system is one of the latest plans for future wideband wireless communication systems like mobile communications, suburban and residential areas. These are good nominees to build the backbone of the next generation of wireless networks. Besides, the fundamental requirement for next-generation radio optical fiber and mobile communication is the need for more capacity and speed which has a huge scope, that is further required for a better system to attain demands such as Fiber to The Home (FTTH) and 5G. The combination of RoF with spectrally-efficient modulation techniques can accomplish increasing demand for high data rates for mobile users. Currently, analog fronthaul is promoted as an energy-efficient and bandwidth solution that can reach the necessity of the 5G vision for high data rates, low latency, and energy efficiency. Mainly, this paper presents a review that focuses on various techniques which several approaches have been listed to perceive the large-capacity data transmission and describe them including Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), Subcarrier Multiplexing (SCM), Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM), Polarization Division Multiplexing (PDM), Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM), Parallel Intensity Modulation (PIM)/Phase Modulation (PM) transmitter, and Millimeter-wave (Mm wave) generation techniques. Also, a comparison between them has been done
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References
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Osseiran, A., et al., Scenarios for 5G mobile and wireless communications: the vision of the METIS project. IEEE communications magazine, 2014. 52(5): p. 26-35.
Rahman, S., et al., Mitigation of Nonlinear Distortions for a 100 Gb/s Radio-Over-Fiber-Based WDM Network. Electronics, 2020. 9(11): p. 1796.
Kang, A., et al., Performance evaluation of various hybrid modulation techniques transmitted by EDFA in radio-over-fibre communication. Journal of Information and Telecommunication, 2020. 4(3): p. 295-313.
Dahiya, S., S. Kumar, and D. Sharma. Mitigating polarisation mode dispersion for enhanced capacity in polarisation division multiplexed (PDM-QAM) optical fiber communication link using hybrid optical amplifier. in Optics and Photonics for Information Processing XIV. 2020. International Society for Optics and Photonics.
Jain, V. and R. Bhatia, Review on nonlinearity effect in radio over fiber system and its mitigation. Journal of Optical Communications, 2021.
Asha, D.S., A comprehensive review of Millimeter wave-based radio over fiber for 5G front haul transmissions. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2021. 14(1): p. 86-100.
Sainawi, L. and K. Ismail, Receiver performance improvement in radio over fiber network transmission, in Optical Fiber and Wireless Communications. 2017, IntechOpen.
Kaur, S., M. Srivastava, and K.S. Bhatia. Radio over Fiber Technology–A Review. in International Conference of Technology, Management and Social Sciences (ICTMS-15). 2015.
Singh, R., M. Ahlawat, and D. Sharma, A review on radio over fiber communication system. International Journal of Enhanced Research in Management & Computer Applications, 2017. 6(4): p. 23-29.
Kathpal, N. and A. Garg, Performance analysis of radio over fiber system using direct and external modulation schemes. Int J Eng Technol Manag Appl Sci, 2017. 8(4): p. 172-175.
Jalil, M.A. and A.K. AL-Samarrie, Radio-over-Fibersystem Capacity Improvements by using Wavelength Division Multiplexing and Subcarrier Multiplexing Techniques. Eng. Technol. J, 2015. 33: p. 1416-1428.
Kim, J., et al., MIMO-supporting radio-over-fiber system and its application in mmWave-based indoor 5G mobile network. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2019. 38(1): p. 101-111.
Hong, K., Radio over Fiber based Network Architecture. Philosophy Doctor Degree, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, 2005: p. 22-23.
Thomas, V.A., M. El-Hajjar, and L. Hanzo, Performance improvement and cost reduction techniques for radio over fiber communications. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2015. 17(2): p. 627-670.
Raj, A. and H. Mascreen, Analysis of OFDM scheme for RoF system and characterization with GPON architecture. Int. J. Eng. Res. Technol, 2015. 4(01): p. 441-444.
Zhang, Y., Development of millimeter-wave radio-over-fiber technology. J. Electronic Science and Technology, 2011. 9: p. 58-66.
Prem, A. and A. Chakrapani, Optical millimeter wave generation using external modulation--a review. advances in natural and applied sciences, 2017. 11(1): p. 8-13.
Beas, J., et al., Millimeter-wave frequency radio over fiber systems: a survey. IEEE Communications surveys & tutorials, 2013. 15(4): p. 1593-1619.
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Singh, S., et al., Simulation of full duplex data transmission in ROF system using Optisystem. International Journal of Electronics and Computer Science Engineering, 2012. 1(3): p. 916-924.
Kumar, S., S. Sharma, and S. Dahiya, WDM-Based 160 Gbps Radio Over Fiber System With the Application of Dispersion Compensation Fiber and Fiber Bragg Grating. Frontiers in Physics, 2021. 9(235).
Mohsen, D., A. Hammadi, and A. Alaskary. Design and Implementation of 1.28 Tbps DWDM based RoF system with External Modulation and Dispersion Compensation Fiber. in Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2021. IOP Publishing.
Sharan, L., V.M. Agrawal, and V.K. Chaubey, Link optimization and performance analysis of a 40 Gbps DQPSK modulated ultra DWDM system with 32 orthogonally polarized channels. Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications, 2016. 15: p. 349-364.
Pandey, G., A. Choudhary, and A. Dixit, Wavelength division multiplexed radio over fiber links for 5G fronthaul networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2021.
Mitsolidou, C., et al., A 5G C-RAN optical fronthaul architecture for hotspot areas using OFDM-based analog IFoF waveforms. Applied Sciences, 2019. 9(19): p. 4059.
Abdullah Omar Ali, A.-D., et al., Increasing capacity and suppress the crosstalk by using hybrid optical OFDM/WDM system. 2014.
Grassi, F., et al. Experimental evaluation of the transmission in a low cost SCM/WDM radio over fibre system employing optical broadband sources and interferometric structures. in 2009 11th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks. 2009. IEEE.
Ismail, A.M., et al., ROF Communication System Performance Enhancement Using Both Modified Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) and Sub-Carrier Multiplexing Technique. J. Commun., 2019. 14(1): p. 58-63.
Tran, D.-T. and N.T. Bui, Improvements on the performance of subcarrier multiplexing/wavelength division multiplexing based radio over fiber system. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2021. 11(2): p. 1439.
Pradeep, R., et al. A novel architecture for full duplex WDM radio over fiber system converged with wired network using dual drive MZM and light remodulation using RSOA. in 2012 Ninth International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks (WOCN). 2012. IEEE.
Zhou, B., et al. Performance analysis on single sideband modulated radio-over-fiber system carrying amplitude shift keying signal with different duty cycle. in 2018 IEEE 9th International Conference on Software Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS). 2018. IEEE.
Badraoui, N. and T. Berceli, Enhancing capacity of optical links using polarization multiplexing. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2019. 51(9): p. 1-11.
Dai, D., J. Wang, and Y. Shi, Silicon mode (de) multiplexer enabling high capacity photonic networks-on-chip with a single-wavelength-carrier light. Optics letters, 2013. 38(9): p. 1422-1424.
Ferreira, J.S., et al., GFDM frame design for 5G application scenarios. Journal of Communication and Information Systems, 2017. 32(1).
Michailow, N., et al., Generalized frequency division multiplexing for 5th generation cellular networks. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2014. 62(9): p. 3045-3061.
Borges, R.M., et al., Integration of a GFDM-based 5G transceiver in a GPON using radio over fiber technology. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2018. 36(19): p. 4468-4477.
Borges, R., et al., Implementation of a multi-Gbit/s and GFDM-based optical-wireless 5G network. Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications, 2018. 17: p. 579-589.
Jambrina, A.C., High capacity radio over fiber transmission links. 2011: DTU Fotonik.
Caballero, A., D. Zibar, and I.T. Monroy, Performance evaluation of digital coherent receivers for phase-modulated radio-over-fiber links. Journal of lightwave technology, 2011. 29(21): p. 3282-3292.
Ishimura, S., et al. High-capacity IF-over-fiber transmission technology for next-generation mobile front-haul links. in Next-Generation Optical Communication: Components, Sub-Systems, and Systems VIII. 2019. International Society for Optics and Photonics.
Ishimura, S., et al., 1.032-Tb/s CPRI-equivalent rate IF-over-fiber transmission using a parallel IM/PM transmitter for high-capacity mobile fronthaul links. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2017. 36(8): p. 1478-1484.
Xiao, J., et al., Review on the Millimeter-Wave Generation Techniques Based on Photon Assisted for the RoF Network System. Advances in Condensed Matter Physics, 2020. 2020.
Thomas, V.A., M. El-Hajjar, and L. Hanzo, Millimeter-wave radio over fiber optical upconversion techniques relying on link nonlinearity. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2015. 18(1): p. 29-53.
Zhao, L. and J. Yu, 10 Gb/s 16-quadrature amplitude modulation signal delivery over a wireless fiber system by using a directly modulated laser for electrical/optical conversion. Chinese Optics Letters, 2015. 13(6): p. 060601-060601.
Qi, G., et al., Generation and distribution of a wide-band continuously tunable millimeter-wave signal with an optical external modulation technique. IEEE Transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 2005. 53(10): p. 3090-3097.
Nguyen, G.H., B. Cabon, and Y. Le Guennec, Generation of 60-GHz MB-OFDM signal-over-fiber by up-conversion using cascaded external modulators. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2009. 27(11): p. 1496-1502.
O'reilly, J., et al., Optical generation of very narrow linewidth millimetre wave signals. Electronics Letters, 1992. 28(25): p. 2309-2311.
Smith, G.H., D. Novak, and Z. Ahmed, Overcoming chromatic-dispersion effects in fiber-wireless systems incorporating external modulators. IEEE Transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 1997. 45(8): p. 1410-1415.
Qi, G., et al., Optical generation and distribution of continuously tunable millimeter-wave signals using an optical phase modulator. Journal of Lightwave technology, 2005. 23(9): p. 2687.
Prem, P.A. and A. Chakrapani, A Novel Scheme for Optical Millimeter Wave Generation Using LiNbO 3 Mach–Zehnder Modulator Without Amplifier. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences, 2019. 89(4): p. 699-704.
Feng, X., et al., Heterodyne system for measuring frequency response of photodetectors in ultrasonic applications. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2016. 28(12): p. 1360-1362.
Zhu, N.H., et al., Analysis of the additional modulation of semiconductor lasers using optical heterodyne techniques. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2008. 20(2): p. 138-140.
Martin, E., et al. 28 GHz 5G radio over fibre using UF-OFDM with optical heterodyning. in 2017 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP). 2017. IEEE.
Browning, C., et al., 60 GHz 5G radio-over-fiber using UF-OFDM with optical heterodyning. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2017. 29(23): p. 2059-2062.
Vagionas, C., et al. A six-channel mmWave/IFoF link with 24Gb/s Capacity for 5G Fronthaul Networks. in 2018 international topical meeting on microwave photonics (MWP). 2018. IEEE.
Li, X., et al. Real-time demonstration of over 20Gbps V-and W-band wireless transmission capacity in one OFDM-RoF system. in Optical Fiber Communication Conference. 2017. Optica Publishing Group
Kim, B.G., et al. Optical fronthaul technologies for next-generation mobile communications. in 2016 18th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON). 2016. IEEE.
Udalcovs, A., et al. An insight into the total cost of ownership of 5G fronthauling. in 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON). 2018. IEEE.
Osseiran, A., et al., Scenarios for 5G mobile and wireless communications: the vision of the METIS project. IEEE communications magazine, 2014. 52(5): p. 26-35.
Rahman, S., et al., Mitigation of Nonlinear Distortions for a 100 Gb/s Radio-Over-Fiber-Based WDM Network. Electronics, 2020. 9(11): p. 1796.
Kang, A., et al., Performance evaluation of various hybrid modulation techniques transmitted by EDFA in radio-over-fibre communication. Journal of Information and Telecommunication, 2020. 4(3): p. 295-313.
Dahiya, S., S. Kumar, and D. Sharma. Mitigating polarisation mode dispersion for enhanced capacity in polarisation division multiplexed (PDM-QAM) optical fiber communication link using hybrid optical amplifier. in Optics and Photonics for Information Processing XIV. 2020. International Society for Optics and Photonics.
Jain, V. and R. Bhatia, Review on nonlinearity effect in radio over fiber system and its mitigation. Journal of Optical Communications, 2021.
Asha, D.S., A comprehensive review of Millimeter wave-based radio over fiber for 5G front haul transmissions. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2021. 14(1): p. 86-100.
Sainawi, L. and K. Ismail, Receiver performance improvement in radio over fiber network transmission, in Optical Fiber and Wireless Communications. 2017, IntechOpen.
Kaur, S., M. Srivastava, and K.S. Bhatia. Radio over Fiber Technology–A Review. in International Conference of Technology, Management and Social Sciences (ICTMS-15). 2015.
Singh, R., M. Ahlawat, and D. Sharma, A review on radio over fiber communication system. International Journal of Enhanced Research in Management & Computer Applications, 2017. 6(4): p. 23-29.
Kathpal, N. and A. Garg, Performance analysis of radio over fiber system using direct and external modulation schemes. Int J Eng Technol Manag Appl Sci, 2017. 8(4): p. 172-175.
Jalil, M.A. and A.K. AL-Samarrie, Radio-over-Fibersystem Capacity Improvements by using Wavelength Division Multiplexing and Subcarrier Multiplexing Techniques. Eng. Technol. J, 2015. 33: p. 1416-1428.
Kim, J., et al., MIMO-supporting radio-over-fiber system and its application in mmWave-based indoor 5G mobile network. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2019. 38(1): p. 101-111.
Hong, K., Radio over Fiber based Network Architecture. Philosophy Doctor Degree, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, 2005: p. 22-23.
Thomas, V.A., M. El-Hajjar, and L. Hanzo, Performance improvement and cost reduction techniques for radio over fiber communications. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2015. 17(2): p. 627-670.
Raj, A. and H. Mascreen, Analysis of OFDM scheme for RoF system and characterization with GPON architecture. Int. J. Eng. Res. Technol, 2015. 4(01): p. 441-444.
Zhang, Y., Development of millimeter-wave radio-over-fiber technology. J. Electronic Science and Technology, 2011. 9: p. 58-66.
Prem, A. and A. Chakrapani, Optical millimeter wave generation using external modulation--a review. advances in natural and applied sciences, 2017. 11(1): p. 8-13.
Beas, J., et al., Millimeter-wave frequency radio over fiber systems: a survey. IEEE Communications surveys & tutorials, 2013. 15(4): p. 1593-1619.
Prasad, R. and F.J. Velez, WiMAX networks: techno-economic vision and challenges. 2010: Springer Science & Business Media.
Chen, G.-H., et al. Silicon-photonics based remote-radio-head using mode and wavelength division multiplexing with capacity of 4.781 Tbit/s for radio-over-fiber massive MIMO. in 45th European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC 2019). 2019. IET.
Singh, S., et al., Simulation of full duplex data transmission in ROF system using Optisystem. International Journal of Electronics and Computer Science Engineering, 2012. 1(3): p. 916-924.
Kumar, S., S. Sharma, and S. Dahiya, WDM-Based 160 Gbps Radio Over Fiber System With the Application of Dispersion Compensation Fiber and Fiber Bragg Grating. Frontiers in Physics, 2021. 9(235).
Mohsen, D., A. Hammadi, and A. Alaskary. Design and Implementation of 1.28 Tbps DWDM based RoF system with External Modulation and Dispersion Compensation Fiber. in Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2021. IOP Publishing.
Sharan, L., V.M. Agrawal, and V.K. Chaubey, Link optimization and performance analysis of a 40 Gbps DQPSK modulated ultra DWDM system with 32 orthogonally polarized channels. Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications, 2016. 15: p. 349-364.
Pandey, G., A. Choudhary, and A. Dixit, Wavelength division multiplexed radio over fiber links for 5G fronthaul networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2021.
Mitsolidou, C., et al., A 5G C-RAN optical fronthaul architecture for hotspot areas using OFDM-based analog IFoF waveforms. Applied Sciences, 2019. 9(19): p. 4059.
Abdullah Omar Ali, A.-D., et al., Increasing capacity and suppress the crosstalk by using hybrid optical OFDM/WDM system. 2014.
Grassi, F., et al. Experimental evaluation of the transmission in a low cost SCM/WDM radio over fibre system employing optical broadband sources and interferometric structures. in 2009 11th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks. 2009. IEEE.
Ismail, A.M., et al., ROF Communication System Performance Enhancement Using Both Modified Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) and Sub-Carrier Multiplexing Technique. J. Commun., 2019. 14(1): p. 58-63.
Tran, D.-T. and N.T. Bui, Improvements on the performance of subcarrier multiplexing/wavelength division multiplexing based radio over fiber system. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2021. 11(2): p. 1439.
Pradeep, R., et al. A novel architecture for full duplex WDM radio over fiber system converged with wired network using dual drive MZM and light remodulation using RSOA. in 2012 Ninth International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks (WOCN). 2012. IEEE.
Zhou, B., et al. Performance analysis on single sideband modulated radio-over-fiber system carrying amplitude shift keying signal with different duty cycle. in 2018 IEEE 9th International Conference on Software Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS). 2018. IEEE.
Badraoui, N. and T. Berceli, Enhancing capacity of optical links using polarization multiplexing. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2019. 51(9): p. 1-11.
Dai, D., J. Wang, and Y. Shi, Silicon mode (de) multiplexer enabling high capacity photonic networks-on-chip with a single-wavelength-carrier light. Optics letters, 2013. 38(9): p. 1422-1424.
Ferreira, J.S., et al., GFDM frame design for 5G application scenarios. Journal of Communication and Information Systems, 2017. 32(1).
Michailow, N., et al., Generalized frequency division multiplexing for 5th generation cellular networks. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2014. 62(9): p. 3045-3061.
Borges, R.M., et al., Integration of a GFDM-based 5G transceiver in a GPON using radio over fiber technology. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2018. 36(19): p. 4468-4477.
Borges, R., et al., Implementation of a multi-Gbit/s and GFDM-based optical-wireless 5G network. Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications, 2018. 17: p. 579-589.
Jambrina, A.C., High capacity radio over fiber transmission links. 2011: DTU Fotonik.
Caballero, A., D. Zibar, and I.T. Monroy, Performance evaluation of digital coherent receivers for phase-modulated radio-over-fiber links. Journal of lightwave technology, 2011. 29(21): p. 3282-3292.
Ishimura, S., et al. High-capacity IF-over-fiber transmission technology for next-generation mobile front-haul links. in Next-Generation Optical Communication: Components, Sub-Systems, and Systems VIII. 2019. International Society for Optics and Photonics.
Ishimura, S., et al., 1.032-Tb/s CPRI-equivalent rate IF-over-fiber transmission using a parallel IM/PM transmitter for high-capacity mobile fronthaul links. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2017. 36(8): p. 1478-1484.
Xiao, J., et al., Review on the Millimeter-Wave Generation Techniques Based on Photon Assisted for the RoF Network System. Advances in Condensed Matter Physics, 2020. 2020.
Thomas, V.A., M. El-Hajjar, and L. Hanzo, Millimeter-wave radio over fiber optical upconversion techniques relying on link nonlinearity. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2015. 18(1): p. 29-53.
Zhao, L. and J. Yu, 10 Gb/s 16-quadrature amplitude modulation signal delivery over a wireless fiber system by using a directly modulated laser for electrical/optical conversion. Chinese Optics Letters, 2015. 13(6): p. 060601-060601.
Qi, G., et al., Generation and distribution of a wide-band continuously tunable millimeter-wave signal with an optical external modulation technique. IEEE Transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 2005. 53(10): p. 3090-3097.
Nguyen, G.H., B. Cabon, and Y. Le Guennec, Generation of 60-GHz MB-OFDM signal-over-fiber by up-conversion using cascaded external modulators. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2009. 27(11): p. 1496-1502.
O'reilly, J., et al., Optical generation of very narrow linewidth millimetre wave signals. Electronics Letters, 1992. 28(25): p. 2309-2311.
Smith, G.H., D. Novak, and Z. Ahmed, Overcoming chromatic-dispersion effects in fiber-wireless systems incorporating external modulators. IEEE Transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 1997. 45(8): p. 1410-1415.
Qi, G., et al., Optical generation and distribution of continuously tunable millimeter-wave signals using an optical phase modulator. Journal of Lightwave technology, 2005. 23(9): p. 2687.
Prem, P.A. and A. Chakrapani, A Novel Scheme for Optical Millimeter Wave Generation Using LiNbO 3 Mach–Zehnder Modulator Without Amplifier. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences, 2019. 89(4): p. 699-704.
Feng, X., et al., Heterodyne system for measuring frequency response of photodetectors in ultrasonic applications. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2016. 28(12): p. 1360-1362.
Zhu, N.H., et al., Analysis of the additional modulation of semiconductor lasers using optical heterodyne techniques. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2008. 20(2): p. 138-140.
Martin, E., et al. 28 GHz 5G radio over fibre using UF-OFDM with optical heterodyning. in 2017 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP). 2017. IEEE.
Browning, C., et al., 60 GHz 5G radio-over-fiber using UF-OFDM with optical heterodyning. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2017. 29(23): p. 2059-2062.
Vagionas, C., et al. A six-channel mmWave/IFoF link with 24Gb/s Capacity for 5G Fronthaul Networks. in 2018 international topical meeting on microwave photonics (MWP). 2018. IEEE.
Li, X., et al. Real-time demonstration of over 20Gbps V-and W-band wireless transmission capacity in one OFDM-RoF system. in Optical Fiber Communication Conference. 2017. Optica Publishing Group
Published
2022-12-11
How to Cite
EBRAHIM, L. L., & ATROSHEY, S. M. S. (2022). REVIEW ON RADIO OVER FIBER SYSTEMS FOR CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT. Journal of Duhok University, 25(2), 482-506. https://doi.org/10.26682/sjuod.2022.25.2.44
Section
Pure and Engineering Sciences
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