HETEROSIS AND SOME GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS OF MAIZE BY USING PARTIAL DIALLELE
Abstract
The study was conducted at the Field Crops Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok. The aim of the study is to evaluate the performance of hybrids maize producing by partial diallel estimating heterosis, GCA, SCA and some genetic parameters. Eight inbred lines of maize were used to produce 12 hybrids during partial diallel cross in the spring season of 2021. Eight inbred lines and twelve hybrids were planted in the autumn season of 2021 using Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that the mean square for all genotypes was highly significant effects in all studied traits except number of ear per plant was significant. Inbred line (Un44052) was the best parental in number of ear per plant, number of rows per ear and grain yield per plant, while, the hybrid (Dkc-F-59 x Un44052) was superior in ear length, number of grains per row and 300 grain weight. The best hybrid (Dkc-F-59 x Un44052) exhibited significant positive heterosis over mid parent, best parent and local hybrid in most traits (El, NGR-1 and 300 GW), and their values were, (3.08*, 12.25**, 12.08**, 6.41** and 7.96**). The heritability in broad sense was higher than the narrow sense heritability for ear length, number of ears per plant, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row 300 grain weight and grain yield per plant. This indicated that the additive gene action inheritance of these traits. The average degree of dominance is less than one for ear length, number of grain per row and grain yield per plant
Downloads
References
Adeeb J. A. and Banan H. H. (2021). Genetic Analysis by Using Partial Diallel Crossing of Maize in High Plant Densities (Yield and its Component). Biochem. Cell. Arch. 22,1,3073-3083.
Ahmad, Z. and Agrawal V. (1982). Heritability and genetic advance in triticale. Indian J. Agric. Res.,1,19-23.
Ahmed A. A. and Zakaryia A. B. F. (2014). Estimation of Additive and Dominance Genes Influences and Vigor of Hybrids in Maize. Al-Rafidian Agricultural Journal,42,2,170-186.
Ahmed S. A. R., M.O. G. AL-Ubaidi and A. A. M. AL-Alousi. (2020). Evaluation of the Performance Heterosis and Estimation of Some Genetic Parameters of the Yield and its Components of the Maize (Zea mays L.) Using Partial Diallel Cross Method. Journal of Educational and Scientific Studies - College of Education - Iraqi University,6,16,13-22.
Aisyah S.I., Wahyuni S., Syukur M. and JR Witono (2016). The Estimation of Combining Ability and Heterosis Effect for Yield and Yield Components in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) at Lowland. Ekin J. Crop Breed. Gen. 2,1, 23-29.
Al- Auddari, A. and M. Mohammed. (1999). Genetics. Ministry of higher Education and Scientific Research, Mosul, Iraq. (In Arabic).
Ali A. H., Jama A. A. , H. M. Omar and K. B. Bhabendra. (2019). Study on Combining Ability and Heterosis in Maize (Zea mays l.) Using Partial Diallel Analysis. International J. of Plant Breeding and Crops Science,6, 2, 520-526.
Ali, A. A. (1999). Heterosis and gene action of maize (zea mays L.). Ph.D. Dissertation, college of agriculture and forestry. Mosul University. (In Arabic).
Aminu, D., Mohammed, S.G. and B.G. Kabir. (2014). Estimates of Combining Ability and Heterosis for Yield and Yield Traits in Maize Population (Zea mays L.), Under Drought Conditions in the Northern Guinea and Sudan Savanna zones of Bornostate, Nigeria. IJAIR,2, 5,824-830.
Dawod Kh. M. and Kh. Kh. Ahmed. (2016). Design and Analysis of Genetic Experiment. Wadah published. ISBN58, 6,582 – 9957.
Fasahat P., Rajabi A., Rad J. M. and J. Derera (2016). Principles and utilization of combining ability in plant breeding. Biometrics & Biostatistics International Journal,4,1-24.
Gilbert, N.E.G. (1958). Diallel crosses in plant breeding. Heredity. 12,477-492.
Griffing B. (1956). Concept of General Combining Ability and Specific Combining Ability in Relation to Diallel Crossing System. Australian J. Biol. Sci. 9, 463-493.
Guerrero, C.G., Miguel, A.G.R., Jose, G.L.O., Ignacio, O.C., Cirilo, V.V., Mario, G.C., Alejandro, M.R. and G.T. Anselmo .(2014). Combining Ability and Heterosis in Corn Breeding Lines to Forage and Grain. American J. Pl. Sci., 5,845-856.
Hussain M. A. and B. A. Hussen. (2019). Heritability and Evaluation for Some Genetic Parameters in Single Cross Hybrids of Maize (Zea mays L.) traits. J. of Duhok University,22,1,38-47.
Karim A. M. S., S. Ahmed, H. A. Afsana, Md. Amiruzzaman and A. N. Md. Karim. (2018). Diallel Analysis and Estimation of Heterosis in Single Cross Maize. J. of Biosci. and Agri. R.,18,2,1512-1520.
Kempthorne, O. and R.N. Curnow.(1961). The partial Diallel Cross. Biometrics. 17,229-250.
Maicon N., Q. S.Velci, B. Diego, A. K.Valmor, N. F. Diego, R. C. Ivan, F. Mauricio, O.C. Braulio and S. Denise. (2016). Partial Diallel Analysis Among Maiz Lines for Characteristics Related to the Tassel and the Productivity. African Journal of Agricultural Research.11,11,974-982.
Maria F. S., J. B. P. Ronald, A. S. Tereza, A. R. Diego, A. M. Robson, A. S. Marcelo, G. E. Tauana and D. L. G. Giovana. (2020). Partial Diallel and Genetic Divergence Analyses in Maize Inbred Lines. Genetic and Plant breeding. ISSN on-line: 1807-8621.
Omolaran B. B. and O. J. Olawuyi. (2015). Gene action, Heterosis, Correlation and Regression Estimates in Developing Hybrid Cultivars in Maize. Trop. Agric. (Trinidad) 92, 2,102-117.
Slamet B. P., E. Roy and A. Muhammad. (2021). Implementation of Partial Diallel Analysis to Determine General Combining Ability and Agronomic Character Genetic Parameters of Shade-Tolerant Maize Lines. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 911, 012019.
Shree, B., M. Chakraborty, B., Madhuparna, P. Krishna, M. Rana and V. K. Tudu .(2018). Tissue culture dependent regeneration of maize (zea mays L.). pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, (E-ISSN: {2278 - 4136} P-ISSN: {2349 2468–2466} 8234.
Sprague G. F., L. A. Tatum (1942). General vs. Specific Combining Ability in Single Crosses of Corn. Agron. J., 34,923-932.
Richy, F. D. (1946). Hybrid vigor and corn breeding. Agron.5,38, 833-841
It is the policy of the Journal of Duhok University to own the copyright of the technical contributions. It publishes and facilitates the appropriate re-utilize of the published materials by others. Photocopying is permitted with credit and referring to the source for individuals use.
Copyright © 2017. All Rights Reserved.
