EQUIVALENCE IN ENGLISH-BAHDINI KURDISH TRANSLATION OF  CULTURAL ITEMS IN CHILDREN’S FICTION: A CASE STUDY ON LEWIS CAROLL’S ALICE IN WONDERLAND

AHMED HASSAN  MUSTAFA

doi:10.26682/hjuod.2023.26.1.67

AHMED HASSAN MUSTAFA Dept. of Translation, College of Languages, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region-Iraq

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26682/hjuod.2023.26.1.67

Keywords: Equivalence, children literature translation, cultural items, Newmark’s model1988, Alice Adventures in Wonderland

Abstract

This paper deals with equivalence in the translation of cultural items. The study is based on the categorization of cultural terms according to Newark’s model (1988) which categorizes cultural terms into: material culture, ecology, social culture and historical and religious culture. Examples of cultural items are selected from the source language (SL) text, i.e., Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll which is translated by Kawar A. Niheli, coupled with their target language (TL) equivalences provided within the translated version. Both are listed within the categories specified. The question- to what extent equivalence is achieved in translating the cultural items and what are the reasons for the inadequate translations of some of the items? The translated items are analyzed and compared. It appears that the majority of the selected items are inadequately translated due to lack of experience on the part of the translator, his/her attempt to make the translation more palatable to the young reader at the expense of achieving adequate equivalence, and not using illustration, description and footnotes

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