EXTENDED SPECTRUM OF B- LACTAMASE STATUS IN ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN DUHOK CITY- IRAQ
Keywords:
Escherichia coli (E. coli;, ); Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESβL);, Cephalosporines;, Carbapenems;, BD Phoenix and ESBLs genotypes SHV;, TEM, and CTX-M;
Abstract
Objectives: To study the pattern of ESβL E. coli in cross sectional study from urine of patients in Azadi and Heve Paediatric Teaching Hospitals in Duhok city.
Methods: This study was conducted between June 2016 and December 2016. A study of 325 of E.coli isolates from urine samples in Azadi Teaching Hospital and 420 isolates from Heve Teaching Hospital. Confirmation of ESβL production was performed using double-disk synergy test and the BD Phoenix automated system..
Results: There were 175 (53.8%) confirmed strains of ESβLs E. coli among adults from Azadi Hospital and 163 (38.8%) strains among paediatrics from Hevi Hospital which were tested by double-disk synergy test and BD Phoenix. There was no statistical significance for ESβL strains regarding the gender of the patients. Majority of ESβL E. coli were among 7-9 years and 25-65 years. The rate of antibiotic resistance was > 90% for Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, Cefixime, Cefepime, Augmentin and Aztreonam for both adults and paediatric age groups. The rate of sensitivity for Imipenem, Amikacin and Nitrofurantoin was 4.5%, 8% and 16% respectively for adults and 17% 15.5% and 24.5% for paediatrics respectively.
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References
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- Kahlmeter G, Poulsen HO. (2012); Jan. Antimicrobial susceptibility of E coli from communityacquired urinary tract infections in Europe: the ECO·SENS study revisited. Int J Antimicrob Agents. Elsevier B.V.; 39 (1):45–51.
- Paterson DL, and Bonomo RA. (2005). Extended-spectrum β-lactamases: a clinical update, Clin. Microbiol. Rev; 18: 657–686
-. Conceição T, Brízio A, Duarte A, Barros R (2005). First isolation of bla (VIM-2) in Klebsiella oxytoca clinical isolates from Portugal. Antimicrob Agents Chemother; 49 (1):476.
-. Briongos-Figuero LS, Gómez-Traveso T, Bachiller-Luque P, González MD-G, Gómez-Nieto A, Palacios-Martín T, et al. (2012). Epidemiology, risk factors and comorbidity for urinary tract infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteria. Int J Clin Pract. 66: 891-896.- Rodríguez-Bano J, Navarro MD, Romero L, Martínez-Martínez L, Muniain MA, Perea EJ, et al. (2004). Epidemiology and clinical features of infections caused by ESBL-producing E coli in nonhospitalized patients. J Clin Microbiol 42: 1089-1094.
- Rodríguez-Bano J, Alcala JC, Cisneros JM, Grill F, Oliver A, Horcajada JP, et al. (2008). Community infections caused by extended-spectrum β-Lactamase-producing Escherichia coli. Arch Intern Med 168: 1897-1902.
- Schito GC, Naber KG, Botto H, Palou J, Mazzei T, Gualco L, et al. (2013). The ARESC study: an international survey on the antimicrobial resistance of pathogens involved in uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Int JAntimicrob Agents. 34: 407–13.
- Doi Y, Park YS, Rivera JI, Adams-Haduch JM, Hingwe A, Sordillo EM, et al. (2009). Community associated extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli infection in the United States. Clin Infect Dis. 56(5):641–8.
- Søraaas A, Sundsfjord AS, Sandven I, Brunborg C, Jenum PP a, Søraas A. (2013). Risk factors for Community - Acquired Urinary Tract Infections caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. A Case Control Study in a Low Prevalence Country. PLoS One. 8 (7):1–7.
- Rupp, ME and Fey, PD (2003). Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae: considerations for diagnosis, prevention, and drug treatment. Drugs; 63:353-65.
- Falagas, ME and Karageorgopoulos D E. (2009). Extended spectrum β Lactamase producing organisms.J. Hosp. Infection 4: 345–354.
- Knothe H, Shah P, Krcmery V, Antal M, Mitsuhashi S (1983). Transferable resistance to cefotaxime, cefoxitin,
cefamandole and cefuroxime in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens. Infection. 11: 315 –7.
- Mahon CR, Lehman DC, Manuselis G2014. Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology 5th Edition.
-. CLSI. (2006). Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI): Performance Standard for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. 16th Informational supplement. CLSI document,. M100-S16.
- Jacoby G A and Medeiros A A. (1991). More extended-spectrum beta lactamases. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 35 (9): 1697-1704.
-. Leigue L., Montiani F. and B.A. Moore B A. (2016). Antimicrobial susceptibility and minimal inhibitory concentration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from septic ocular surface disease in different animal species. Open Veterinary Journal. Vol. 6(3): 215-222
- Abdur Rahim M, Samad T, Mitra P, Zaman S, Habib S H, Afroze S R, Mohosin W M, Haque UI and Nazim Uddin K. (2017). Frequency, Risk Factors and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae Causing Urinary Tract Infection: Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh. Birdem Medical Journal.
- Ahmed I, Sajed M, Sultan A, MurtazaI, Yousaf S, Maqsood B, Vanhara P, Anees M (2015). The eratic antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria. Pathogens causing Urinary Tract Infections. EXCLI Journal. 14:916-9.
-. Pitout JD, Hanson ND, Church DL, Laupland KB (2004). Population-based laboratory surveillance for Escherichia coli–producing extended-spectrum b-lactamases: importance of community isolates with bla CTXM genes. Clin Infect Dis. 38:1736–41.
-. Ronen Ben-Ami, Jesu´s Rodrı´guez-Ban˜o, Hande Arslan, Johann D. D. Pitout, Claudine Quentin, Esther S. Calbo, O¨zlem K. Azap, Corinne Arpin, Alvaro Pascual, David M. Livermore, Javier Garau, and Yehuda Carmeli(2009). A Multinational Survey of Risk Factors for Infection with ESBL–Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Nonhospitalized Patients. CID. 49 (1 September).
- Foxman B. (2014). Mar Urinary tract infection syndromes: occurrence, recurrence, bacteriology, risk factors, and disease burden. Infect Dis Clin North Am. Elsevier Inc; ;28 (1):1–13.
-. Novais A, Cant¢n R, Valverde An, et al. (2006).. Dissemination and persistenceof blaCTX-M-9 are linked to class 1 integrons containing CR1 asso-ciated with defective transposon derivatives from Tn402 located in early antibiotic resistance plasmids of IncHI2, IncP1- alpha, and IncFIgroups. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50:2741–50.23.
- Lavollay M, Mamlouk K, Frank T, et al. (2006). Clonal dissemination of aCTX-M-15 b-lactamase–producing Escherichia coli strain in theParisarea,Tunis, and Bangui. Antimicrob Agents Chemother; 50:2433–8.24.
- Coque TM, Novais A, Carattoli A, et al. (2008). Dissemination of clonally related Escherichia coli strains expressing extended-spectrum b-lactamase CTX-M-15. Emerg Infect Dis; 14:1
- Schwaber MJ, Navon-Venezia S, Schwartz D, Carmeli Y. (2005). High levels of antimicrobial co-resistance among extended spectrum b lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother; 49: 2137 – 9.
-. Gupta, V. (2007). An update on newer β-lactamases. Indian J Med Res 126: 417–427.
Published
2019-07-01
How to Cite
MICHAEL, N. S., & SAADI, A. T. (2019). EXTENDED SPECTRUM OF B- LACTAMASE STATUS IN ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN DUHOK CITY- IRAQ. Journal of Duhok University, 21(2), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.26682/sjuod.2018.21.2.3
Section
Pure and Engineering Sciences
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