EFFECT OF APICAL REMOVAL OF BRANCHES AND BRANCHES NUMBER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF TWO (Capsicum annuum L.) CULTIVARS
Keywords:
Two (Capsicum annuum L.)Cultivars;, number of branches;, apical removal;
Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of some pruning systems on the growth of two (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars. The experiment was designed as Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) each treatment replicated 3 times each with 8 treatments (experimental unit) representing 2 cultivars (California wonder and Biotek), two number of branches (leaving 2 and 4 branches on the main stem) and 2 treatments of apical removal; control (without apical removal) and apical removal of main branches. The highest value of plant height was recorded from California wonder cultivar when pruned on four branches without apical removal and the highest number of sub branches as well as number of fruits, yield.plant-1, yield.plot-1 and yield.ha-1 (40.77, 40.27, 0.89kg, 5.39kg and 47.95ton respectively) were observed from Biotek cultivar, pruned on two branches with apical removal of branches.Downloads
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References
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Effect of pinching and spraying with Gibberellic acid and Zinc on growth vegetative and flowering and root of plant Geranium (Pelargonium hortorum L.). Kufa Journal of Agriculture Science, 6(3), p. 1-19.
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KABIR, K. (2014) Performance of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Varieties as Influenced by nitrogen and poultry manure fertilization in the Sudan savanna. M.Sc. Thesis, Science Agronomy, Ahmadu Bello University.
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MBONIHANKUYE, C., KUSOLWA, P. and MSOGOYA, T.J. (2013)
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MITRA, S. (2007) Effect of stem pruning and fruit thinning on yield components and yield of tomatoes. M.Sc. Thesis, Collage of Agriculture Mymensingh University. Bangladesh.
MOHAMMAD-AMIN, N.Q. (2008) Effect of some plant growth regulators and micronutrient on growth and development and apical dominance of pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants. M.Sc. Thesis, Collage of Science of Education, University of Salahaddin, Iraq Kurdistan region.
MNZAVA, N.A. (1984) Influence of cluster and spacing on set, growth, yield and quality of early fruit of the West Virginia 63 tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). M.Sc. Thesis, University of Agriculture, Morogoro Tanzania.
PESSARAKLI, M.M. and DRIS, R. (2003) Effects of pruning and spacing on the yield and quality of eggplant. Food, Agriculture and Environment, 1(2), p. 215-216.
SABLI, M.Z. (2012) Fertigation of Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in a soil-less greenhouse system: effects of fertiliser formulation and irrigation frequency. PhD. Dissertation. Collage of Agriculture University of Newcastle. United Kingdom.
SEIFI, S., NEMATI, S.H., SHOOR, M. and ABEDI, B. (2012) The effect of plant density and shoot pruning on growth and yield of two greenhouse bell pepper cultivars. Journal Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture, 3(11). (Abstract).
SEO, J.W., HWANG, J.M. and OH, S.M. (2006) Effects of pinching methods and cultivars on growth and fruiting of green pepper. Korean Journal of Horticulture of Science and Technology, 24(3), p. 297-303.
SHEKHANY, H.K.A. (2014) Influence of magnetized water on the ability of nutrient uptake, the growth of two cultivars of (Pistacia vera L.) seedlings. M.Sc. Thesis, Collage of Agriculture University of Salahaddin, Erbil, Kurdistan region-Iraq.
TAIZ, L. and ZEIGER, E. (2002) Plant Physiology. 3rd edition. Senaure Associates , Inc. publisher. USA. p. 515.
TINNI, T.B.R., ALI, M.A., MEHRAJ, H., MUTAHERA, S. and JAMAL-UDDIN, A. F.M. (2014) Effect of pruning technique on growth and yield of brinjal. Journal of Expermintal Bioscience, 5(1), p. 55-60.
WIEN, H.C. (1997) The Physiology of Vegetable Crops. CABI Publishing, London and New York. p. 49 and 259
ADINDE, J.O., UCHE, O.J., ANIEKE, U.J., UKWUANI, C.M., AGU, C.J., NWANKWO,
O.G. and UGWUANYI, P.O. (2016) Effect of nipping on growth and yield of green bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv Goliath) in Iwollo, southeastern Nigeria. International Journal Science and Nature, 7(2), p. 423-428.
AHIRWAR, C.S. and HEDAU, N.K. (2015) Effect of shoot pruning on yield and quality attribute of a winter capsicum (Capsicum annum L.) crops in hills protected condition. Asian Journal of Bio Science, 10(1), p.1- 5.
ALAM, M.S., ISLAM, N., AHMAD, S., HOSSEN, M.I. and ISLAM, M.R. (2016) Effect of different staking methods and stem pruning on yield and quality of summer tomato. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 41(3), p.419-432.
ALJEBORY, R.K.R. (2006) The effect of spraying by growth regulator [atonik] and growing point pinching on vegetative growth and yield of okra grown in unheated plastic houses. Technical Journal Science, 19(3), p.1-10.
AL-RAWI, K.M. and KHALAF-ALLA, A. (1980) Agriculture Experimental Design and Analysis. Dar Al-Kutub for printing and publishing. Mosul - Iraq. (In Arabic).
ALSADON, A., WAHB-ALLAH, M., ABDEL-RAZZAK, H. and IBRAHIM, A. (2013) Effects of pruning systems on growth, fruit yield and quality traits of three greenhouse-grown bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 7(9), p.1309-1316.
AMAN, S. and RAB, A. (2013) Response of tomato to nitrogen levels with or without Humic acid. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 29(2), p. 181-186.
AWOLE, S., WOLDETSADIK, K. and WORKNEH, T.S. (2011) Yield and
storability of green fruits from hot pepper cultivars (Capsicum sp.).
African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(56), p. 12662-12670.
BEYER, A.L. (2012) Evaluating nutrient management systems for organically-produced greenhouse colored bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). MSc. Thesis. Collage of Agriculture, University of Florida. USA.
CAMPBELL, N.A., REECE, J. B., URRY, L.A., CAIN, M.L., WASSERMAN, S.A., MINORSKY, P.V. and JACKSON, R.B. (2008) Biology 8th edition. San Francisco and London: Pearson Benjamin Cumming, p. 827-830.
CASANOVA, E, VALDES, A.E., FERNANDEZ, B., MOYSSET, L. and
TRILLAS, M.I. (2004) Levels and immune-localization of endogenous cytokinins in thidiazuron-induced shoot organogenesis in carnation. Journal of Plant physiology, 161(1), p. 95-104.
CHAUHAN, M.R., SHARMA, S.K., SHUKLA, Y.R. and KANSAL, S. (2009) Effect of NAA, apical pinching and spacing on green fruit production of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Haryana Journal of Horticulture Science, 38 (3 and4), p. 310-315.
DASGAN, H.Y. and ABAK, K. (2003) Effects of plant density and number of shoots on yield and fruit characteristics of peppers grown in glasshouses. Turk Journal of Agriculture, 27, p. 29-35.
ESTEFAN, G., SOMMER, R. and RYAN, J. (2013) Methods of soil, plant, and water analysis. : ICARDA (International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas). A manual for the West Asia and North Africa region. 3rd edition. Beirut :Lebanon. 20-205.
FAWZY, Z.F., EL-BASSIONY, A.M., YUNSHENG, L., ZHU, O. and
GHONAME, A.A. (2012) Effect of mineral, organic and bio-N fertilizers on growth, yield and fruit quality of sweet pepper. Journal of Applied Science and Research, 8(8), p. 3921-3933.
GHOREISHI, M., HOSSINI, Y. and MAFTOON, M. (2012) Simple models
for predicting leaf area of mango (Mangifera indica L.). Journal of Biology and Earth Sciences, 2(2), p.45-53.
Grubben G.J.H. and MOHAMED, E. I. (2004) Capsicum annuum L. Vegetables/ Legumes Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2. Wageningen University, Netherlands, p. 154-163.
HASSAN, A.R.O., KHUDAIR, T.Y. and ABDUL-ALWAHED, N.Y. (2014)
Effect of pinching and spraying with Gibberellic acid and Zinc on growth vegetative and flowering and root of plant Geranium (Pelargonium hortorum L.). Kufa Journal of Agriculture Science, 6(3), p. 1-19.
HEBBAR, S.S., BALAKRISHNA, B., PRABHAKAR, M., SRINIVAS, V., NAIR, A.K., RAVIKUMAR, G.S., GANESHAN, G., SHARMA, D., SUDHAKAR RAO, D.V., DOIJODE, S.D. and HEGDE, M.R. (2011)Protected Cultivation of Capsicum. Director, IIHR, Bangalore. Hindustan.
HOPKINS, W.G. AND HUNER, N.P.A. (2004) Introduction to Plant Physiology. 3rd edition. John Willey and Sons, USA. p. 567.
ISU (2009) University Extension (Iwoa State University). http://www.yardandgarden. extension.iastate.edu .
JOVICICH, E., CANTLIFFE, D.J. and HOCHUMTH G.J. (1999) Plant density and shoot pruning on yield and quality of a summer greenhouse sweet pepper crop in Northcentral Florida. North Central Florida Proceedings 28th National Agricultural Congress, p. 184-190.
KABIR, K. (2014) Performance of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Varieties as Influenced by nitrogen and poultry manure fertilization in the Sudan savanna. M.Sc. Thesis, Science Agronomy, Ahmadu Bello University.
KARANATSIDIS, G. and BEROVA, M. (2009) Effect of organic-N fertilizer on growth and some physiological parameters in pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.). Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment, 23(1), p. 254-257.
MATLOUB, A.W., MOHAMMED, E.S. and ABDUL, K.S. (1989) Vegetable Crops Production. 2nd edition. Ministry of higher Education and Scientific Research. Mousl University, Iraq. (In Arabic). p. 65-71.
MBONIHANKUYE, C., KUSOLWA, P. and MSOGOYA, T.J. (2013)
Assessment of the effect of pruning systems on plant developmental cycle–yield and quality of selected indeterminate tomato lines. Acta Horticulture, 1007, p. 532-545.
MITRA, S. (2007) Effect of stem pruning and fruit thinning on yield components and yield of tomatoes. M.Sc. Thesis, Collage of Agriculture Mymensingh University. Bangladesh.
MOHAMMAD-AMIN, N.Q. (2008) Effect of some plant growth regulators and micronutrient on growth and development and apical dominance of pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants. M.Sc. Thesis, Collage of Science of Education, University of Salahaddin, Iraq Kurdistan region.
MNZAVA, N.A. (1984) Influence of cluster and spacing on set, growth, yield and quality of early fruit of the West Virginia 63 tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). M.Sc. Thesis, University of Agriculture, Morogoro Tanzania.
PESSARAKLI, M.M. and DRIS, R. (2003) Effects of pruning and spacing on the yield and quality of eggplant. Food, Agriculture and Environment, 1(2), p. 215-216.
SABLI, M.Z. (2012) Fertigation of Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in a soil-less greenhouse system: effects of fertiliser formulation and irrigation frequency. PhD. Dissertation. Collage of Agriculture University of Newcastle. United Kingdom.
SEIFI, S., NEMATI, S.H., SHOOR, M. and ABEDI, B. (2012) The effect of plant density and shoot pruning on growth and yield of two greenhouse bell pepper cultivars. Journal Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture, 3(11). (Abstract).
SEO, J.W., HWANG, J.M. and OH, S.M. (2006) Effects of pinching methods and cultivars on growth and fruiting of green pepper. Korean Journal of Horticulture of Science and Technology, 24(3), p. 297-303.
SHEKHANY, H.K.A. (2014) Influence of magnetized water on the ability of nutrient uptake, the growth of two cultivars of (Pistacia vera L.) seedlings. M.Sc. Thesis, Collage of Agriculture University of Salahaddin, Erbil, Kurdistan region-Iraq.
TAIZ, L. and ZEIGER, E. (2002) Plant Physiology. 3rd edition. Senaure Associates , Inc. publisher. USA. p. 515.
TINNI, T.B.R., ALI, M.A., MEHRAJ, H., MUTAHERA, S. and JAMAL-UDDIN, A. F.M. (2014) Effect of pruning technique on growth and yield of brinjal. Journal of Expermintal Bioscience, 5(1), p. 55-60.
WIEN, H.C. (1997) The Physiology of Vegetable Crops. CABI Publishing, London and New York. p. 49 and 259
Published
2019-08-01
How to Cite
ZRAR, D. B., & KANIMARANI, S. M.-S. A. (2019). EFFECT OF APICAL REMOVAL OF BRANCHES AND BRANCHES NUMBER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF TWO (Capsicum annuum L.) CULTIVARS. Journal of Duhok University, 22(1), 166-183. https://doi.org/10.26682/avuod.2019.22.1.17
Section
Agriculture and Veterinary Science
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