INFLUENCE OF ORGANIC MANURES AND GIRDLING DATES ON HEAY METAL ACCUMULATIONS OF APPLE FRUIT AFTER TWO SEASONS OF APPLICATION

AZAD A.  MAYI

doi:10.26682/avuod.2019.22.1.14

AZAD A. MAYI Dept. of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region - Iraq

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26682/avuod.2019.22.1.14

Keywords: Girdling, Sheep manure, Compost, heavy metal, Apple fruit

Abstract

This investigation was carried out during season of 2014-2015 on five years old apple tree (Malus dumestica Borkh) cv. Xank grown in the orchard at Gavarky, Duhok governorate, Kurdistan region, Iraq. To study the effect of two girdling date before full bloom and after fruit set, compost application at levels (0, 3 and 5kg.tree^-1) and sheep manure application at three levels (0, 4 and 6kg.tree^-1), on heavy metals accumulation of apple fruits after two years of application. According to obtained results, it noticed that girdling (date 2) was best time for girdling, gave the higher level of Cd, Cu, pb, (0.082, 1.619 and 0.311 mg.L^-1) respectively, and Compost specially at (5)kg.tree^-1has significantly increased fruit heavy metal content Cd, Cu, pb, Zn (0.073, 1.963, 0.352 and 10.861mg.L^-1). Sheep manure specially at (6)kg.tree^-1 significantly increased the fruit nutrients content Cd, pb, Cu, Zn (0.069, 1.674, 0332 and 13.344mg.L^-1), while, the interactions between girdling, compost and sheep manure significantly affected most of the studied parameters and the more effective treatment interactions was girdling (D2 + 5kg.Tree^-1of compost plus 6kg.Tree^-1 of sheep) manure significantly increased Cd, pb, Cu, (0.119, 2.843 and 0.401 mg.L^-1) respectively

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