INTEGRATION OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM TO SUGGEST A DRL MODEL IN RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT AT AZADI HOSPITAL IN DUHOK–KURDISTAN REGION, IRAQ
Keywords:
Data Management Systems, Data Repository, Diagnostic Reference Level, Dose Management, Information Technology, Radiology Information System
Abstract
Computer Tomography is a useful technique in diagnostic radiology. However, it emits high radiation
doses which may cause harm to patients. For this, a quality management system, Diagnostic Reference
Levels (DRL) is used in European countries. The aim of this study was to suggest a DRL system in Duhok
Hospitals. Patient’s data (70 – 80) were collected from Azadi Hospital for three main protocols head, chest
and abdomen. Only 15 patients had complete data for calculations for the three protocols. The DRL
results were then compared with the ones reported in several European countries. For example, in the
head protocol for the a CTDI value of 81, the results of the calculated DLP and ED values were 1504 and
3.16 respectively. These values were found to be much higher than the corresponding values reported in
Italy 13.12 and 2.76 respectively. As a result, the DRL using 75th percentiles corresponding to these three
dosimetric values were also high. Similar high results for the abdomen protocol were recorded, however,
the results of the chest protocol showed to be within the average range. Part two of this work involved
designing a Flow Chart based on an Information System to help running the CT scan procedure more
effectively. Additionally, an extra repository system was added to this model to solve the short capacity
issue in Duhok Hospitals.
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768716/
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Introduction of diagnostic reference levels into
diagnostic radiology in Germany. Retrieved
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2373
34441_Introduction_of_Diagnostic_Reference
_Levels_into_Diagnostic_Radiology_in_Germ
any
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of the international commission on
radiological protection. ELSEVIER.
Walter Huda, Kent M. Ogden, and Mohammad R.
Khorasani. (2008). Converting dose-length
product to effective dose at CT. Radiology.
Yousef Mehdipour, and Hamideh Zerehkafi. (2013).
Hospital information system (HIS): At a
glance. Asian Journal of Computer and
Information Systems, 1(2)
Pattacini, and M. Iori. (2014). Patient dose
management solution directly integrated in the
RIS: ―Gray Detector‖ software. Springer,
27(6). doi:10.1007/s10278-014-9715-y
A. Saravanakumar, K. Vaideki, K. N. Govindarajan,
and S. Jayakumar. (2014). Establishment of
diagnostic reference levels in computed
tomography for select procedures in
Pudhuchery, India. Journal of Medical
Physics. doi:10.4103/0971-6203.125509
Claudio Granata, Daniela Origgi, Federica Palorini,
Domenica Matranga, and Sergio Salerno.
(2014). Radiation dose from multidetector CT
studies in children: results from the first Italian
nationwide survey. Springer.
doi:10.1007/s00247-014-3201-z
COMMISSION, E. (2000). European guidelines on
quality criteria for computed tomography.
Brussels: European Commission.
Ernest U Ekpo, Thomas Adejoh, Judith D Akwo,
Owujekwe C Emeka, Ali A Modu,
Mohammed Abba, Kudirat A Adesina, David
O Omiyi and Uche H Chiegwu. (2018).
Diagnostic reference levels for
commoncomputed tomography (CT)
examinations: results from the first nigerian
nationwide dose survey. Journal of
Radiological Protection.
EUROPEAN COMMISSION. (2018). Radiation
protection N° 185. Luxembourg: European
Union. Retrieved from
http://www.eurosafeimaging.org/wp/wp-
content/uploads/2018/09/rp_185.pdf
Federica Palorini, Daniela Origgi, Claudio Granata,
Domenica Matranga, and Sergio Salerno.
(2014). Adult exposures from MDCT
including multiphase studies: First italian
nationwide survey. National Center for
Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
doi:10.1007/s00330-013-3031-7
BIBLIOGRAPHY G. Stamm, H. Lenzen, M.
Wucherer, G. Brix, A. Schegerer, A. Sommer,
Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional
Radiology Göttingen/DE, Institute of Clinical
Radiology Münster/DE, Institut für
Medizinische Physik Nürnberg, D/DE,
Neuherberg/DE, 2017. 2nd Modification and
Update of Diagnostic Reference Levels in
Germany - Improvements and Consequences.
s.l., s.n.
Health, E. P. (2018). Guidance national diagnostic
reference levels: 22 January 2016 to 14
November 2018. England Public Health.
IBRAHIM ABDULAI SAWANEH, ALBERT
KAMARA, and JOSHUA HAMID
KOROMA. (2018). A computerized patient’s
database management system. International
Journal of Computer Science and Information
Technology Research, 6(2).
JERROLD T. BUSHBERG, J. ANTHONY
SEIBERT, EDWIN M. LEIDHOLDT JR, and
JOHN M. BOONE. (2012). The essential
physics of medical imaging. Philadelphia:
Wolters Kluwer.
K. Eckerman, J. Harrison, H-G. Menzel, C.H.
Clement. (2012). Compendium of dose
coefficients based on ICRP publication 60.
ELSEVIER.
Kruse Clemens Scott Kruse, Rishi Goswamy, Yesha
Raval, and Sarah Marawi (2016). Challenges
and opportunities of big data in health care: A
systematic review. JMIR Medical Informatics,
4. doi:10.2196/medinform.5359
Luís A. Bastião Silva; Luís Ribeiro ; Carlos Costa ;
José Luis Oliveira ; and Milton Santos. (2014,
July 24). Normalizing medical imaging
archives for dose quality assurance and
productivity auditing. (IEEE Xplore)
doi:10.1109/MeMeA.2014.6860112
Magda Bosch de Basea, Jane A. Salotti, Mark S.
Pearce, Jordi Muchart, Luis Riera, Ignasi
Barber, Salvador Pedraza, Marina Pardina,
Antoni Capdevila, Ana Espinosa, and
Elisabeth Cardis. (2015). Trends and patterns
in the use of computed tomography in children
and young adults in catalonia — results from
the EPI-CT study. Springer.
doi:10.1007/s00247-015-3434-5
Mark S Pearce, Jane A Salotti, Mark P Little, Kieran
McHugh, Choonsik Lee, Kwang Pyo Kim,
Nicola L Howe, Cecile M Ronckers, Preetha
Rajaraman, Sir Alan W Craft, Louise Parker,
Amy Berrington de González. (2012).
Radiation exposure from CT scans in
childhood and subsequent risk of Leukaemia
and brain tumours: A retrospective cohort
study. The Lancet.
Masanao Kobayashi, Yasuki Asada, Kosuke
Matsubara, Tomonobu Haba, Yuta Matsunaga,
Ai Kawaguchi, Kazuhiro Katada, Hiroshi
Toyama, Kichiro Koshida, Ryoichi Kato,
Shouichi Suzuki. (2019). Evaluation of
effective dose using the k-factor of optimal
scan range for CT examination. Scientific
Research Publishing.
Nakada Y, Okuda Y, Tsuge T, Suzuki J, Sakamoto H,
Yamamoto T, Konishi Y, Tsujimoto T,
Nishiki S, Satoh T, Aoyama N, Morimoto K,
Aita M, Yamashita Y, Yoshitake T, Mukai M,
Yokooka Y, Yokohama N, Akahane K.
(2018). Automatic acquisition of CT radiation
dose data: Using the diagnostic reference level for radiation dose optimization. NCBI, 181(2).
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncy003
Paul D Deak, Yulia Smal, and Willi A Kalender.
(2010). Multisection CT protocols: sex- and
age-specific conversion factors used to
determine effective dose from dose-length
product. National Center for Biotechnology
Information (NCBI).
doi:10.1148/radiol.10100047
Premkumar Balaraman, and Kalpana Kosalram.
(2013). E –hospital management & hospital
information systems – changing trends.
Information Engineering and Electronic
Business.
Prodromos D. Chatzoglou, Leonidas L. Fragidis,
Triantafyllia Doumpa, and Vassilios. (2012).
Hospital information system evaluation. 10th
International Conference on Information
Communication Technologies in Health.
Samos Island Greece.
Rade R. Babić, Zoran Milošević, Boris Đinđić, and
Gordana Stanković-Babić. (2012). Radiology
information system. Professional article.
doi:10.5633/amm.2012.0406
Radiologists, T. R. (2008). Radiology information
systems. London: The Royal College of
Radiologists.
Richard G. Kavanagh, John O’Grady, Brian W.
Carey, Patrick D. McLaughlin, Siobhan B.
O’Neill, Michael M. Maher, and Owen J.
O’Connor. (2018). Low-dose computed
tomography for the optimization of. Hindawi.
Retrieved from
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/grp/2018/1
768716/
Richard Veit, and Burkhard Bauer. (2019).
Introduction of diagnostic reference levels into
diagnostic radiology in Germany. Retrieved
from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2373
34441_Introduction_of_Diagnostic_Reference
_Levels_into_Diagnostic_Radiology_in_Germ
any
VALENTIN, J. (2007). The 2007 recommendations
of the international commission on
radiological protection. ELSEVIER.
Walter Huda, Kent M. Ogden, and Mohammad R.
Khorasani. (2008). Converting dose-length
product to effective dose at CT. Radiology.
Yousef Mehdipour, and Hamideh Zerehkafi. (2013).
Hospital information system (HIS): At a
glance. Asian Journal of Computer and
Information Systems, 1(2)
Published
2020-12-11
How to Cite
ALSOFI, S. J. (2020). INTEGRATION OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM TO SUGGEST A DRL MODEL IN RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT AT AZADI HOSPITAL IN DUHOK–KURDISTAN REGION, IRAQ. Journal of Duhok University, 23(2), 101-113. https://doi.org/10.26682/sjuod.2020.23.2.12
Section
Pure and Engineering Sciences
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