RESPONSE OF STRAWBERRY (FRAGARIA ANANASSA)TO THE APPLICATION OF MICROBIAL INOCULANTS AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS
Keywords:
Bio stimulants, Growth, yield Chemical composition, Strawberry
Abstract
The present study was carried out during growing season of 2018-2019, in the wooden canopy of the
College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, to
investigate the influence of foliar spray of four concentrations of Urea (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g.L
-1
) and
inoculation the soil with Azotobacter at two concentrations (0 and 10 m.L
-1
) and their interaction on the
vegetative growth properties and quality of strawberry plant cv. Rubygem. The results indicated that
Urea and Azotobacter significantly increased vegetative growth (chlorophyll, fresh weight, leaf area, leaf
number and dry weight) as well as fruit quality (fruit weight, fruit length and number of fruits) (15.4g,
5.58cm and 10.67) respectively as compared with untreated plants. The interaction between the studies
factors varied in their effect on the traits. The best interaction was the interaction of Urea at
concentration (1g.L
-1
) and Azotobacter at (10 m.L
-1
) which gave the highest values (45.17 SPAD, 15.84 g
and 5.38g) respectively as compared with other plants.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abo Sedera, F. A., S. N. Shafshak, M.S. Eid
and M.H.M. Mohamed, (2009).
Improving productivity and quality of
strawberry via organic fertilization and
application of some natural growth
stimulants.3rdIRT international tourisum
territories and development in the Mediterranean area, Helwan Univ., Egypt,
From 24 thto 27 th October.
Abou sayed- Ahmed, T. A.; K. M. Abdalla; A.
B. Abou Aziz and R. A. Easa (2000).
Response of Thompson seedless vines to
different rates of nitrogen and magnesium
fertilization. 11. Leaf physical and
chemical characteristics. Zagazig J. Agric.
Res. Vol. 27 No. (2): 307-330.
Al- Saaberi, M. R. S. 2005. “Effect of Some
Agricultural Treatments on Growth,
Yield of Lettuce Lactuc sativa L”. MS.C
Thesis Horticulture Sciences University
of Mosul College of Agriculture and
Forestry.
Al-Baiati, A. (2011). Strawberry-forums
agricultural green house. Agricultural
Forums, Dept. of Vege., http://www.al-
rashidgroup.net (In Arabic).
Al-Emam, M. A. A. (1998). Effect of foliar
spray of zinc, iron and compound
fertilizers (NPK) on growth and yield of
Halwani, Lobnani and Kamali grapevine
(Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Ph D. Thesis.
Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry.
Mosul University. Iraq.
Al-Saidi, I. H.(2000). Grape Production. Mosul
Univ. Press.
Andreas D. P. (2009). Nutrient composition of
leaves and fruit juice of grapevine as
affected by soil and nitrogen fertilization.
J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 172, 557–564.
Anonyme.,(2005). Statistical data bases of Fao.
Available from
http://faostat.fao.org/default.aspx?alias=fa
ostatcl assic.
Antipchuk, A. F., E. V. Tantsyurenko, and R.
M. Mantselyaruk (1982). Effect of
bacteria on tomato yield and quality.
TeknologiyaPr-va-i-
EffectivnostPrimeneniya-Bakterialynkh-
Udobreni 98-103. Fide Horticultural
Abstracts 54:1768.
Bal, J. S. (2005). Fruit Growing . 3th edt.
Kalyani Publishers , New Delhi- 110002.
Barney DL. (1999). Growing strawberries in the
Inland Northwest and Intermountain
West. University of Idaho’s Sandpoint
Res. and Extension Center, pp. 1-25.
Beniwal, S. B.; O. P. Gupta and V. P. Ahlawat
(1992). Effect of foliar application of urea
and potassium sulphate on physico-
chemical attributes of grapes (Vitis
vinifera L.) CV. Perlette. Haryana J. Hort.
Sci. 21 (3-4): 161-165.
Calapietra, M. and A. Alexander, 2006: Effect
of foliar fertilization on yield and quality
of table grapes. Acta Hort. (ISHS). 72,
213-218.
Childers NF, Morris JR, Sibbett GS. Modern
Fruit Science Horticulture Publication
Grains YiLLE, Florida, U.S.A, (1995).
Cordenunsi BR, Genovese MI, Nascimento
JRO, Hassimotto NMA, dos Santos RJF,
Lajolo M (2003). Effects of temperature
on the chemical composition and
antioxidant activity of three strawberry
cultivars. J. Food Chem., 91: 113-121.
Crespan, G.; Zenarola C.; Colugnati G.;
Bregant F.; Gallas A. and Tonetti I.
(2000). Fertiliser procedures and response
of vines, preliminary results of an
investigation in cabernet sauvignon.
Notiziario-ERSA 13(4):21-24.
Curtis, J. O.; G. W. Rehin and H. L. Meredith
(1991). Fertilizer, Urea. College of
Agticulture, Food and environmental
Science.
FAO food and Agriculture Organization of
United Nations, Statistics Division,
(2013).
Gobara, A. A. ; F. F. Ahmed and El-shamaa, M.
S. (2001). Effect of varying N, K and Mg
application ratios on growth, leaf chemical
composition and production of Banaty
grapevines. The fifth Arabian horticulture
conference, Ismailai, Egypt, p. 83-90.
Grapevine Nutrition Literature Review (2006).
Cooperative Research Centre for
Viticulture essay.
Hakkinen SH, Torronen AR (2000). Content of
flavonols and selected phenolic acids in
strawberries and Vaccinium species:
influence of cultivar, cultivation site and
technique. Food Res. Int., 33: 517-524.
Hassan, A. A.; M. A. Badawy; A. H. Khariba;
A. M. R. Ajwa and S. F. Alsaid. (2003).
Vegetable production. Arab House
Publishing and Distribution, Cairo
University, Egypt.
Havlin, J. L.; J. D. Beaton ; S. L. Tisdale and W.
L. Nelson (2005). Soil fertility and
fertilizers .7th edt. Upper Saddle River .
New Jersey.
Jianguo,Y.U.,Shuiying, Y.E.,Ujuan, Z. Y. and
Yingchang, S. 1998. “Influence of humic
acid on the physiological andbiochemical
indexes of apple tress”. Forest Res.,
Vol.(11), No.(6), pp.623-628. Keller, M.; Arnink K. J. and Hrazdina, G.
(1998). Interaction of nitrogen availability
during bloom and light intensity during
version. I. Effects in grapevine growth,
fruit development, and ripening. American
J. of Enolology and Viticulture. 49 (3), pp
333-340.
Magada, H. M. (2002). Studies on fertilization
of Washington naval prang trees. Ph D.
Thesis. Fac. of Agric. Moshtochor,
Zagazig Univ. Egypt. Pp. 61-68.
Mansour, A. E. M. (1998). Response of Anna
apples to some bio fertilizers, Egypt. J.
Hort.: 25, No 2, PP. 241-251.
Mohammed, A. H. (1991). The effect of soil
and foliar application of Nitrogen,
Phosphorus and Potassium on some
vegetative and fruiting characteristics in
white Banaty seddless grapevines. Msc.
Thesis, Fac. Agric. El-Minia Univ. Egypt.
Mohammed, Sh. M. and Abdul-Qader Sh. M.
(2007). Effect of foliar application of
nitrogen and magnesium on grapevine cv.
Taifi under non- irrigated condition.
Dohuk Uni., Vol. 10, No.2, pp 70-74.
Moustafa, A.A.; El-Shazly, S.A.; Eissa, A.M.
and Zahran, M.A. (1986). Effect of foliar
application of chelated Fe, Zn, Mn on leaf
mineral content yield and fruit quality of
Roumi Red grape-vines. Annals of
Agricultural Sciences 31(1):623-635.
Porro, D.; M. Stefanini; C. Dorigatti; L. Ziller;
F. Camin and M. Policarpo (2010).
Nitrogen foliar uptake and Partitioning in
"Cabernet Sauvignon " grapevines. ISHS
ACTA Horticulture 868: VI International
Symposium on Mineral Nutrition of Fruit
Crops.
Potter, G., 2005 :www.kaizenbonsai.com.
Rana, R. K. and J. S. Chandel (2003). Effect of
biofertilizers and nitrogen on growth,
yield and fruit quality of strawberry.
Prog..Hort. 35(1):25-30.
Saxena, M.C., (1993). The challenge of
developing biotic and a biotic stress
resistance in cool-season food legumes.
Pp: 3- 14. In: Singh, K.B., Saxena, M.C.
(Eds). Breeding for stress tolerance in
cool-season food legumes. John Wiley
and Sons, Chichester, Uk.
Sharma RM, Yamdagni R. Modern strawberry
cultivation. Ludhiana, India, Kalyani Pub.
2000; 37(1):163-165.
Sharma RR (2002). Growing strawberry. Int.
Book Distributing Co., Indian, 1: 01-02.
Sharma, R.R., (2002). Growing Strawberry.
International Book Distributing Co.
Indian, p. 164.
Sivasankari, S. ; V. Venkatesalu ; M.
Anantharaj and M. Chandrasekaran,
(2006). Effect of seaweed extracts on the
growth and biological constituents of
Vigna sinensis. Bioresource Technology.
97, 1745-1751.
Tilk, K.V.B.R., N. Ranganayaki, K.K. De. R.
Pal., A.K. Saxena., C. Shekhar Nautiyal.,
S. Mittal., A.K. Tripath. and B.N. Johri.
(2005). Diversity of plant growth and soil
health supporting bacteria. Current
Sciences, 98: 136- 150.
Usha, K. and B. Singh (2002). Effect of Macro
and micro Nutrient spray on Fruit, Yield
and Quality of Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)
cv. Perlette. IS on Foliar Nutrition. Acta
Hort., 594
and M.H.M. Mohamed, (2009).
Improving productivity and quality of
strawberry via organic fertilization and
application of some natural growth
stimulants.3rdIRT international tourisum
territories and development in the Mediterranean area, Helwan Univ., Egypt,
From 24 thto 27 th October.
Abou sayed- Ahmed, T. A.; K. M. Abdalla; A.
B. Abou Aziz and R. A. Easa (2000).
Response of Thompson seedless vines to
different rates of nitrogen and magnesium
fertilization. 11. Leaf physical and
chemical characteristics. Zagazig J. Agric.
Res. Vol. 27 No. (2): 307-330.
Al- Saaberi, M. R. S. 2005. “Effect of Some
Agricultural Treatments on Growth,
Yield of Lettuce Lactuc sativa L”. MS.C
Thesis Horticulture Sciences University
of Mosul College of Agriculture and
Forestry.
Al-Baiati, A. (2011). Strawberry-forums
agricultural green house. Agricultural
Forums, Dept. of Vege., http://www.al-
rashidgroup.net (In Arabic).
Al-Emam, M. A. A. (1998). Effect of foliar
spray of zinc, iron and compound
fertilizers (NPK) on growth and yield of
Halwani, Lobnani and Kamali grapevine
(Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Ph D. Thesis.
Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry.
Mosul University. Iraq.
Al-Saidi, I. H.(2000). Grape Production. Mosul
Univ. Press.
Andreas D. P. (2009). Nutrient composition of
leaves and fruit juice of grapevine as
affected by soil and nitrogen fertilization.
J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 172, 557–564.
Anonyme.,(2005). Statistical data bases of Fao.
Available from
http://faostat.fao.org/default.aspx?alias=fa
ostatcl assic.
Antipchuk, A. F., E. V. Tantsyurenko, and R.
M. Mantselyaruk (1982). Effect of
bacteria on tomato yield and quality.
TeknologiyaPr-va-i-
EffectivnostPrimeneniya-Bakterialynkh-
Udobreni 98-103. Fide Horticultural
Abstracts 54:1768.
Bal, J. S. (2005). Fruit Growing . 3th edt.
Kalyani Publishers , New Delhi- 110002.
Barney DL. (1999). Growing strawberries in the
Inland Northwest and Intermountain
West. University of Idaho’s Sandpoint
Res. and Extension Center, pp. 1-25.
Beniwal, S. B.; O. P. Gupta and V. P. Ahlawat
(1992). Effect of foliar application of urea
and potassium sulphate on physico-
chemical attributes of grapes (Vitis
vinifera L.) CV. Perlette. Haryana J. Hort.
Sci. 21 (3-4): 161-165.
Calapietra, M. and A. Alexander, 2006: Effect
of foliar fertilization on yield and quality
of table grapes. Acta Hort. (ISHS). 72,
213-218.
Childers NF, Morris JR, Sibbett GS. Modern
Fruit Science Horticulture Publication
Grains YiLLE, Florida, U.S.A, (1995).
Cordenunsi BR, Genovese MI, Nascimento
JRO, Hassimotto NMA, dos Santos RJF,
Lajolo M (2003). Effects of temperature
on the chemical composition and
antioxidant activity of three strawberry
cultivars. J. Food Chem., 91: 113-121.
Crespan, G.; Zenarola C.; Colugnati G.;
Bregant F.; Gallas A. and Tonetti I.
(2000). Fertiliser procedures and response
of vines, preliminary results of an
investigation in cabernet sauvignon.
Notiziario-ERSA 13(4):21-24.
Curtis, J. O.; G. W. Rehin and H. L. Meredith
(1991). Fertilizer, Urea. College of
Agticulture, Food and environmental
Science.
FAO food and Agriculture Organization of
United Nations, Statistics Division,
(2013).
Gobara, A. A. ; F. F. Ahmed and El-shamaa, M.
S. (2001). Effect of varying N, K and Mg
application ratios on growth, leaf chemical
composition and production of Banaty
grapevines. The fifth Arabian horticulture
conference, Ismailai, Egypt, p. 83-90.
Grapevine Nutrition Literature Review (2006).
Cooperative Research Centre for
Viticulture essay.
Hakkinen SH, Torronen AR (2000). Content of
flavonols and selected phenolic acids in
strawberries and Vaccinium species:
influence of cultivar, cultivation site and
technique. Food Res. Int., 33: 517-524.
Hassan, A. A.; M. A. Badawy; A. H. Khariba;
A. M. R. Ajwa and S. F. Alsaid. (2003).
Vegetable production. Arab House
Publishing and Distribution, Cairo
University, Egypt.
Havlin, J. L.; J. D. Beaton ; S. L. Tisdale and W.
L. Nelson (2005). Soil fertility and
fertilizers .7th edt. Upper Saddle River .
New Jersey.
Jianguo,Y.U.,Shuiying, Y.E.,Ujuan, Z. Y. and
Yingchang, S. 1998. “Influence of humic
acid on the physiological andbiochemical
indexes of apple tress”. Forest Res.,
Vol.(11), No.(6), pp.623-628. Keller, M.; Arnink K. J. and Hrazdina, G.
(1998). Interaction of nitrogen availability
during bloom and light intensity during
version. I. Effects in grapevine growth,
fruit development, and ripening. American
J. of Enolology and Viticulture. 49 (3), pp
333-340.
Magada, H. M. (2002). Studies on fertilization
of Washington naval prang trees. Ph D.
Thesis. Fac. of Agric. Moshtochor,
Zagazig Univ. Egypt. Pp. 61-68.
Mansour, A. E. M. (1998). Response of Anna
apples to some bio fertilizers, Egypt. J.
Hort.: 25, No 2, PP. 241-251.
Mohammed, A. H. (1991). The effect of soil
and foliar application of Nitrogen,
Phosphorus and Potassium on some
vegetative and fruiting characteristics in
white Banaty seddless grapevines. Msc.
Thesis, Fac. Agric. El-Minia Univ. Egypt.
Mohammed, Sh. M. and Abdul-Qader Sh. M.
(2007). Effect of foliar application of
nitrogen and magnesium on grapevine cv.
Taifi under non- irrigated condition.
Dohuk Uni., Vol. 10, No.2, pp 70-74.
Moustafa, A.A.; El-Shazly, S.A.; Eissa, A.M.
and Zahran, M.A. (1986). Effect of foliar
application of chelated Fe, Zn, Mn on leaf
mineral content yield and fruit quality of
Roumi Red grape-vines. Annals of
Agricultural Sciences 31(1):623-635.
Porro, D.; M. Stefanini; C. Dorigatti; L. Ziller;
F. Camin and M. Policarpo (2010).
Nitrogen foliar uptake and Partitioning in
"Cabernet Sauvignon " grapevines. ISHS
ACTA Horticulture 868: VI International
Symposium on Mineral Nutrition of Fruit
Crops.
Potter, G., 2005 :www.kaizenbonsai.com.
Rana, R. K. and J. S. Chandel (2003). Effect of
biofertilizers and nitrogen on growth,
yield and fruit quality of strawberry.
Prog..Hort. 35(1):25-30.
Saxena, M.C., (1993). The challenge of
developing biotic and a biotic stress
resistance in cool-season food legumes.
Pp: 3- 14. In: Singh, K.B., Saxena, M.C.
(Eds). Breeding for stress tolerance in
cool-season food legumes. John Wiley
and Sons, Chichester, Uk.
Sharma RM, Yamdagni R. Modern strawberry
cultivation. Ludhiana, India, Kalyani Pub.
2000; 37(1):163-165.
Sharma RR (2002). Growing strawberry. Int.
Book Distributing Co., Indian, 1: 01-02.
Sharma, R.R., (2002). Growing Strawberry.
International Book Distributing Co.
Indian, p. 164.
Sivasankari, S. ; V. Venkatesalu ; M.
Anantharaj and M. Chandrasekaran,
(2006). Effect of seaweed extracts on the
growth and biological constituents of
Vigna sinensis. Bioresource Technology.
97, 1745-1751.
Tilk, K.V.B.R., N. Ranganayaki, K.K. De. R.
Pal., A.K. Saxena., C. Shekhar Nautiyal.,
S. Mittal., A.K. Tripath. and B.N. Johri.
(2005). Diversity of plant growth and soil
health supporting bacteria. Current
Sciences, 98: 136- 150.
Usha, K. and B. Singh (2002). Effect of Macro
and micro Nutrient spray on Fruit, Yield
and Quality of Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)
cv. Perlette. IS on Foliar Nutrition. Acta
Hort., 594
Published
2020-12-15
How to Cite
SULIMAN, H. M., YOUSIF, S. H., & YOUSIF, K. H. (2020). RESPONSE OF STRAWBERRY (FRAGARIA ANANASSA)TO THE APPLICATION OF MICROBIAL INOCULANTS AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS. Journal of Duhok University, 23(2), 71-77. https://doi.org/10.26682/ajuod.2020.23.2.10
Section
Agriculture and Veterinary Science
It is the policy of the Journal of Duhok University to own the copyright of the technical contributions. It publishes and facilitates the appropriate re-utilize of the published materials by others. Photocopying is permitted with credit and referring to the source for individuals use.
Copyright © 2017. All Rights Reserved.
