MOLECULAR STUDY OF Acinetobacter baumannii USING 16S RRNA AND BLA OXA-51 GENE ISOLATED FROM HOSPITALS IN DUHOK-KURDISTAN REGION, IRAQ
Keywords:
Acinetobacter baumannii, bla OXA-51, multi-drug resistant, 16S rRNA, PCR
Abstract
Background and objective: Acinetobacter baumannii is pathogenic and multiresistant bacteria that cause nosocomial infection. The aim of this study are diagnosis A. baumannii by using specific bla OXA-51 and 16SrRNA.
Methods: out of 150 Acinetobacter species samples were collected from patients in Azadi teaching hospital, Duhok Emergency hospital; and burn Duhok cosmetic and burn hospital from May 2020 to August 2020. The samples were phenotypically diagnosed by bacteriological strategy. Out of 100 samples were selected and by molecular level confirmed as Acinetobacter spp.
Results: isolates were revealed as small, pale, and late-lactose fermenter colonies on MacConkey agar appeared as a creamy, opaque, andnon-hemolytic colony on blood agar All suspected isolates, as A. baumannii, were growing at 44ºC. By using the genus-specific bla OXA-51 primer that produced 353 bp amplification band and 75 samples were diagnosed by PCR as A. baumannii by 16S rRNA as a specific primer and showed 150 bp amplicon. 10 samples out of the 75 resembling A. baumannii were identified as a multidrug resistant isolates by method of diffusion. Disc, A. baumannii isolates displayed a high resistance rate of 85% to azithromycin and 80% to imipenem. Moreover, amikacin, meropenem, and gentamycin, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin showed a low level of efficacy against A. baumannii isolates with the resistant rate of 88%, 90%, 90%, and 93% respectively.
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References
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Karageorgopoulos, D. E., &Falagas, M. E. (2008). Current control and treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections. The Lancet infectious diseases, 8(12), 751-762.
Shali, A. A. (2012). Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Genes in" Acinetobacter baumannii" in Sulaimani City-Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq. Asian J. of Med. Sci., 4(5), 179-183.
Coskun, U. S. S., Caliskan, E., Cicek, A. C., Turumtay, H., &Sandalli, C. (2019). β-lactamase genes in carbapenem resistance Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a Turkish university hospital. J. of Infect.in Developing Countries, 13(01), 50-55
Fishbain, J., & Peleg, A. Y. (2010). Treatment of Acinetobacter infections. Clinic. Infect. Dis., 51(1), 79-84.
Badawy, S., Maria I.P., Johanna H., Zakaria A.M., Mohamed I. A.D., Ahmed K. A. and Mikael S (2020). Identification and Functional Analysis of Temperate Siphoviridae Bacteriophages of Acinetobacter baumannii, Viruses journal, 12,(6): 604
Chang Yaowen , Luan Guangxin , Xu Ying , Wang Yanhong , Shen Min , Zhang Chi, Zheng Wei , Huang Jinwei , Yang Jingni , JiaXu , and Ling Baodong (2015). Characterization of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in a Chinese teaching hospital. Front. Microbiol. 6: 910.
Heidari, H., Halaji, M., Taji, A., Kazemian, H., Abadi, M. S. S., Sisakht, M. T., &Ebrahim-Saraie, H. S. (2018). Molecular analysis of drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates by ERIC-PCR. Meta Gene, 17, 132-135.
Kanafani, Z., &Kanj, S. (2013). Acinetobacter infection: Epidemiology, microbiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, and diagnosis. Wolters Kluwer, 2, 21-33.
Jessie L Allen, Brooke R Tomlinson, Leila G Casella, Lindsey N Shaw (2020).Regulatory networks important for survival of Acinetobacter baumannii within the host,Current Opinion in Microbiology, 55:74-80
Liu, Y. M., Lee, Y. T., Kuo, S. C., Chen, T. L., Liu, C. P., and Liu, C. E. (2017). Comparison between bacteremia caused by Acinetobacter pittii and Acinetobacter nosocomialis. J. of Microbiol.,Immunol. and Infect., 50(1), 62-67.
Diancourt L, Passet V, Nemec A, Dijkshoorn L, Brisse S (2010) The Population Structure of Acinetobacter baumannii: Expanding Multiresistant Clones from an Ancestral Susceptible Genetic Pool. PLoS ONE 5(4): e10034. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010034
Jafari, R., &Karbasizade, V. (2014). Frequency and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii in Burn infections in Isfahan, Iran. Advan. In Bioresearch, 5(2), 148-152.
Wong, D., Nielsen, T. B., Bonomo, R. A., Pantapalangkoor, P., Luna, B., &Spellberg, B. B (2017). Clinical and pathophysiological overview of Acinetobacter infections: a century of challenges. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 30(1), 409-447.
Sadeghi, P., Khosravi, A. D., Shahraki, A. H., &Beiranvand, M. (2016). Identification of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from Iran and study of their heterogeneity. J. of the Chinese Med. Assoc., 79(7), 382-386.
Shahi, S., Vahed, S. Z., Fathi, N., &Sharifi, S. (2018). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods: Promising molecular tools in dentistry. Int. J. ofBio. Macrom., 117, 983-992.
McFaddin, J. F. (2000). Biochemical tests for the identification of medical bacteria, 3rd edition, pp. 170–182.
Ghaima, K. K., Saadedin, S. M. K., &Jassim, K. A. (2016). Isolation, molecular identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Baghdad hospitals. Int. J. of Sci. and Res. Pub., 6, (5): 341-356.
Ghasemi E, Ghalavand Z, Goudarzi H, Yeganeh F, Hashemi A, Dabiri H, Mirsamadi ES, Foroumand M. (2018) Phenotypic and Genotypic Investigation of Biofilm Formation in Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii.J. of Arch. of Clin. Infect. Dis. ,13(4): e12914.
Sepideh F., Shahriyar A., Fereshteh S., Soheila A., Mohsen N. and Farzad B. (2020). New putative vaccine candidates against Acinetobacter baumannii using the reverse vaccinology method,Microbial Pathogenesis journal, 143:104114,
Abbott Iain; Cerqueira Gustavo M; BhuiyanSaruar; Peleg Anton Y (2013) Carbapenem Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. Xpert. Rev. Anti. Infect.Ther. ,11(4):395-409.
Zarrilli, R., Giannouli, M., Tomasone, F., Triassi, M., &Tsakris, A. (2009). Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii: the molecular epidemic features of an emerging problem in health care facilities. The J. of Infect. in Dev. Count., 3(05), 335-341.
Evans, B. A., &Amyes, S. G. (2014). OXA β-lactamases. Clin.Microbiol. Rev., 27(2), 241-263.
Esther Zander, Paul G. Higgins, Ana Fernandez-González, Harald Seifert (2013). Detection of intrinsic blaOXA-51-like by multiplex PCR on its own is not reliable for the identification of Acinetobacter baumannii, International Journal of Medical Microbiology, Volume 303, Issue 2,88-89,
Belay Tilahun, Anteneh Tesfaye, Diriba Muleta, Andualem Bahiru, Zewdu Terefework, Gary Wessel, 2018"Isolation and Molecular Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria Using 16s rRNA Genes from Fermented Teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.)) Dough", International Journal of Food Science, vol. 2018, Article ID 8510620, 7.
Susanna K.P. Lau, Jade L.L. Teng, Chi-Chun Ho, Patrick C.Y. Woo, (2015). Gene Amplification and Sequencing for Bacterial Identification, Editor(s): Andrew Sails, Yi-Wei Tang, Methods in Microbiology, Academic Press, Volume 42, 433-464
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2016) Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: Nineteenth Informational Supplement M100-S19. Wayne, USA: CLSI. 26th ed. Pp. 66
Coskun, U. S. S., Caliskan, E., Cicek, A. C., Turumtay, H., &Sandalli, C. (2019). β-lactamase genes in carbapenem resistance Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a Turkish university hospital. J. of Infect.in Developing Countries, 13(01), 50-55.
Bergen, P. J., Landersdorfer, C. B., Lee, H. J., Li, J., & Nation, R. L. (2012). ‘Old’antibiotics for emerging multidrug-resistant bacteria. Current opinion in infectious diseases, 25(6), 626.
Hussein, N. H., Al-Mathkhury, H. J. F., &Sabbah, M. A. (2013). Imipenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from patients and hospitals environment in Baghdad. Iraqi J. of Sc., 54(4), 803-812
Doi, Y., Murray, G. L., & Peleg, A. Y. (2015). Acinetobacter baumannii: evolution of antimicrobial resistance—treatment options. In Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine,36(1),85-98.
Balaky, S. T. J., Abdulkhalik, H., Hussen, B. M., Hassan, H., &Mawlood, A. H. (2019). Molecular Identification of Acinetobacter baumanii and Acinetobacter genomic species 13TU Using PCR. ZANCO J. of Pure and Applied Sci., 31(1), 17-22.
Karageorgopoulos, D. E., &Falagas, M. E. (2008). Current control and treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections. The Lancet infectious diseases, 8(12), 751-762.
Shali, A. A. (2012). Identification of Multidrug-Resistant Genes in" Acinetobacter baumannii" in Sulaimani City-Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq. Asian J. of Med. Sci., 4(5), 179-183.
Coskun, U. S. S., Caliskan, E., Cicek, A. C., Turumtay, H., &Sandalli, C. (2019). β-lactamase genes in carbapenem resistance Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a Turkish university hospital. J. of Infect.in Developing Countries, 13(01), 50-55
Fishbain, J., & Peleg, A. Y. (2010). Treatment of Acinetobacter infections. Clinic. Infect. Dis., 51(1), 79-84.
Badawy, S., Maria I.P., Johanna H., Zakaria A.M., Mohamed I. A.D., Ahmed K. A. and Mikael S (2020). Identification and Functional Analysis of Temperate Siphoviridae Bacteriophages of Acinetobacter baumannii, Viruses journal, 12,(6): 604
Chang Yaowen , Luan Guangxin , Xu Ying , Wang Yanhong , Shen Min , Zhang Chi, Zheng Wei , Huang Jinwei , Yang Jingni , JiaXu , and Ling Baodong (2015). Characterization of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in a Chinese teaching hospital. Front. Microbiol. 6: 910.
Heidari, H., Halaji, M., Taji, A., Kazemian, H., Abadi, M. S. S., Sisakht, M. T., &Ebrahim-Saraie, H. S. (2018). Molecular analysis of drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates by ERIC-PCR. Meta Gene, 17, 132-135.
Kanafani, Z., &Kanj, S. (2013). Acinetobacter infection: Epidemiology, microbiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, and diagnosis. Wolters Kluwer, 2, 21-33.
Published
2021-04-05
How to Cite
QADER , M. K. (2021). MOLECULAR STUDY OF Acinetobacter baumannii USING 16S RRNA AND BLA OXA-51 GENE ISOLATED FROM HOSPITALS IN DUHOK-KURDISTAN REGION, IRAQ. Journal of Duhok University, 24(1), 19-25. https://doi.org/10.26682/sjuod.2021.24.1.3
Section
Pure and Engineering Sciences
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