STAND VOLUME EQUATION FOR Pinus brutia Ten. NATURAL GROWING IN ZAWITA AREA, KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ
Keywords:
Calabrian Pine, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, Stand volume, Zawita Area
Abstract
Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) is grown naturally in Zawita area, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It is preferable to have stand volume equation specifically for natural stand of this species due to its importance in decision making regarding many forest management problems. In this work, a reliable stand volume equation was developed for this species to fill this gap. The developed equation was found to be in accord with the least square assumptions. As was the case with many stand volume models that have been developed for different species, stand basal area and stand height were the best in explaining the variation in stand volume. A stand volume table was presented to instantly estimate stand volume from combinations of stand basal area and stand height
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Brack and wood. 1998. Forest Measurement. Retrieved from https://fennerschool-associated.anu.edu.au/mensuration/BrackandWood1998/S_VOLUME.HTM
Brack CL. 1988. The RADHOP system. In: Proceedings of Research Working Group 2 (Mensuration and Management), Conference “Modelling Trees, Stands and Forests” (Eds. Leech JW, McMurtrie 30, West PW, Spencer RD & Spencer BM): 509–526. Bulletin 5, School
Brinkman, K.A., 1967. Stand volume equations for shortleaf pine in Missouri. Research Note NC-24. St. Paul, MN: US Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 24.
Clutter, J.L., Fortson, J.C., Pienaar, L.V., Brister, G.H. and Bailey, R.L., 1983. Timber management: A quantitative approach. John Wiley & Sons, Inc..
Cole, D.M., 1971. A cubic-foot stand volume equation for Lodgepole pine in Montana and Idaho (Vol. 150). US Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest & Range Experiment Station.
Directorate of Meteorology& seismology station, Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Durbin, J. and Watson, G.S., 1950. Testing for serial correlation in least squares regression: I. Biometrika, 37(3/4), pp.409-428.
Durbin, J. and Watson, G.S., 1951. Testing for serial correlation in least squares regression. II. Biometrika, 38(1/2), pp.159-177.
Evert, F., 1983. An equation for estimating total volume of both stands and single trees of black spruce. The Forestry Chronicle, 59(1), pp.26-29.
Furnival, G.M., 1961. An index for comparing equations used in constructing volume tables. Forest Science, 7(4), pp.337-341.
Gadow, K.V. 1996. Modeling growth in managed forests - realism and limits of lumping. Sci. Total Environ 183:167-177.
Garcia, O. 2003. Dimensionality reduction in growth model.:an example. FBMIS 1: 1-15.
Ghaueeh, A. B. 2009. Remote sensing application for yield estimation of Pinus brutia stands in North of Iraq. M.Sc. Thesis. University of Mosul.
Hevia, A., Vilčko, F. and Álvarez-González, J.G., 2013. Dynamic stand growth model for Norway spruce forests based on long-term experiments in Germany. Recursos Rurais, 9, pp.45-54.
Husch, B., Beers, T.W. and Kershaw Jr, J.A., 2003. Forest mensuration. John Wiley & Sons.
Kalkhan, M.A. 1980. Studies on three biometry tables and relationship for pinus brutia Ten. growing naturally in Atroosh-Belkaif and Zawiata locations. M.S.c. Thesis. Collage of Agriculture. University of Mosul.
Kershaw Jr, J.A., Ducey, M.J., Beers, T.W. and Husch, B., 2016. Forest mensuration. John Wiley & Sons.
Kong, L., H. Yang, X. Kang, X. Ming, J. Xie. (2012). Stand volume equations developed from an experimental form factor with breast height form quotient. Taiwan J. For Sci 27 (4): 357 – 367.
Mosa,W. (2016). Forest Cover Change and migration in Iraqi Kurdistan: A case study from Zawita sub-district. M.Sc. thesis. of Michigan State University
Neter, J., Kutner, M.H., Nachtsheim, C.J. and Wasserman, W., 1996. Applied linear statistical models (Vol. 4, p. 318). Chicago: Irwin.
Parresol, B.R., 1999. Assessing tree and stand biomass: a review with examples and critical comparisons. Forest science, 45(4), pp.573-593.
Shahbaz S.E. (2007). Pinales with a field guide to the trees and shrubs of Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Spirez Press and PublisherDuhok. P175.
SAS Institute Inc. (2012) SAS user guid’s guide, version 9.4. SASInstitute Cary, NC
Shepperd, W.D. and Mowrer, H.T., 1984. Whole stand volume tables for quaking aspen in the Rocky Mountains [Populus tremuloides, Colorado and southern Wyoming]. USDA Forest Service Research Note RM (USA). no. 440.
Spurr, S.H. 1952. Forest Inventory. The Ronald Press Co., New York. 476 p.
State Forests of New South Wales. (1996). Field methods manual. Technical Paper No. 59.
Studenmund, AH., 2006. Using Econometrics. A Practical Guide, 5th ed., Boston et al.
Tang, X., Pérez-Cruzado, C., Fehrmann, L., Álvarez-González, J.G., Lu, Y. and Kleinn, C., 2016. Development of a compatible taper function and stand-level merchantable volume model for Chinese fir plantations. PloS one, 11(1), p.e0147610.
Ung, C.H. and Ouellet, D., 1991. Stand volume tables: application to black spruce stands of Lebel-sur-Quévillon. The Forestry Chronicle, 67(6), pp.712-715.
Younis, A. J. 2019. Stand volume equations for Quercus argilops L. and Quercus infectoria Olic. In Duhok Governorate. M.Sc. thesis. University of Duhok
Brack CL. 1988. The RADHOP system. In: Proceedings of Research Working Group 2 (Mensuration and Management), Conference “Modelling Trees, Stands and Forests” (Eds. Leech JW, McMurtrie 30, West PW, Spencer RD & Spencer BM): 509–526. Bulletin 5, School
Brinkman, K.A., 1967. Stand volume equations for shortleaf pine in Missouri. Research Note NC-24. St. Paul, MN: US Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 24.
Clutter, J.L., Fortson, J.C., Pienaar, L.V., Brister, G.H. and Bailey, R.L., 1983. Timber management: A quantitative approach. John Wiley & Sons, Inc..
Cole, D.M., 1971. A cubic-foot stand volume equation for Lodgepole pine in Montana and Idaho (Vol. 150). US Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest & Range Experiment Station.
Directorate of Meteorology& seismology station, Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Durbin, J. and Watson, G.S., 1950. Testing for serial correlation in least squares regression: I. Biometrika, 37(3/4), pp.409-428.
Durbin, J. and Watson, G.S., 1951. Testing for serial correlation in least squares regression. II. Biometrika, 38(1/2), pp.159-177.
Evert, F., 1983. An equation for estimating total volume of both stands and single trees of black spruce. The Forestry Chronicle, 59(1), pp.26-29.
Furnival, G.M., 1961. An index for comparing equations used in constructing volume tables. Forest Science, 7(4), pp.337-341.
Gadow, K.V. 1996. Modeling growth in managed forests - realism and limits of lumping. Sci. Total Environ 183:167-177.
Garcia, O. 2003. Dimensionality reduction in growth model.:an example. FBMIS 1: 1-15.
Ghaueeh, A. B. 2009. Remote sensing application for yield estimation of Pinus brutia stands in North of Iraq. M.Sc. Thesis. University of Mosul.
Hevia, A., Vilčko, F. and Álvarez-González, J.G., 2013. Dynamic stand growth model for Norway spruce forests based on long-term experiments in Germany. Recursos Rurais, 9, pp.45-54.
Husch, B., Beers, T.W. and Kershaw Jr, J.A., 2003. Forest mensuration. John Wiley & Sons.
Kalkhan, M.A. 1980. Studies on three biometry tables and relationship for pinus brutia Ten. growing naturally in Atroosh-Belkaif and Zawiata locations. M.S.c. Thesis. Collage of Agriculture. University of Mosul.
Kershaw Jr, J.A., Ducey, M.J., Beers, T.W. and Husch, B., 2016. Forest mensuration. John Wiley & Sons.
Kong, L., H. Yang, X. Kang, X. Ming, J. Xie. (2012). Stand volume equations developed from an experimental form factor with breast height form quotient. Taiwan J. For Sci 27 (4): 357 – 367.
Mosa,W. (2016). Forest Cover Change and migration in Iraqi Kurdistan: A case study from Zawita sub-district. M.Sc. thesis. of Michigan State University
Neter, J., Kutner, M.H., Nachtsheim, C.J. and Wasserman, W., 1996. Applied linear statistical models (Vol. 4, p. 318). Chicago: Irwin.
Parresol, B.R., 1999. Assessing tree and stand biomass: a review with examples and critical comparisons. Forest science, 45(4), pp.573-593.
Shahbaz S.E. (2007). Pinales with a field guide to the trees and shrubs of Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Spirez Press and PublisherDuhok. P175.
SAS Institute Inc. (2012) SAS user guid’s guide, version 9.4. SASInstitute Cary, NC
Shepperd, W.D. and Mowrer, H.T., 1984. Whole stand volume tables for quaking aspen in the Rocky Mountains [Populus tremuloides, Colorado and southern Wyoming]. USDA Forest Service Research Note RM (USA). no. 440.
Spurr, S.H. 1952. Forest Inventory. The Ronald Press Co., New York. 476 p.
State Forests of New South Wales. (1996). Field methods manual. Technical Paper No. 59.
Studenmund, AH., 2006. Using Econometrics. A Practical Guide, 5th ed., Boston et al.
Tang, X., Pérez-Cruzado, C., Fehrmann, L., Álvarez-González, J.G., Lu, Y. and Kleinn, C., 2016. Development of a compatible taper function and stand-level merchantable volume model for Chinese fir plantations. PloS one, 11(1), p.e0147610.
Ung, C.H. and Ouellet, D., 1991. Stand volume tables: application to black spruce stands of Lebel-sur-Quévillon. The Forestry Chronicle, 67(6), pp.712-715.
Younis, A. J. 2019. Stand volume equations for Quercus argilops L. and Quercus infectoria Olic. In Duhok Governorate. M.Sc. thesis. University of Duhok
Published
2022-05-29
How to Cite
HASAN, S. S., HAJI , G. Y., & HASSAN , M. K. (2022). STAND VOLUME EQUATION FOR Pinus brutia Ten. NATURAL GROWING IN ZAWITA AREA, KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ. Journal of Duhok University, 25(1), 114-121. https://doi.org/10.26682/ajuod.2022.25.1.12
Section
Agriculture and Veterinary Science
It is the policy of the Journal of Duhok University to own the copyright of the technical contributions. It publishes and facilitates the appropriate re-utilize of the published materials by others. Photocopying is permitted with credit and referring to the source for individuals use.
Copyright © 2017. All Rights Reserved.
