STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEW: CONCRETE MADE OF RECYCLED WASTE PET AS FINE AGGREGATE
Keywords:
State-of-the-art; Plastic waste; Polyethylene terephthalate (PET); Fresh and hardened concrete properties
Abstract
It is well known that the foremost environmental sustainability concern derives from the abundance of
the plastic waste. The growing problem of the plastic waste originates from the presence of Polyethylene
terephthalate (PET) from plastic bottles. Nevertheless, the versatile performance of PET in terms of its
lightweight, strong, flexible, moisture-resistant, and cheap can make it a replacement substance for
aggregates in green concrete. On the other hand, PET replacement has mostly been restricted to
non-structural uses, generally due to its lower strength/stiffness, larger creep and shrinkage, poorer
durability associated to natural aggregate concrete (NAC). This paper presents a comprehensive review of
the published studies on waste recycled plastic by means of fine aggregate replacements. Parameters
including fresh concrete properties (workability and density) and the hardened concrete properties
(compressive strength and splitting strength) have been considered. After a detailed review it was found
that most of the studies conducted in the area of using PET as a fine replacement outlined the adherence
between concrete and PET.
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References
Agamuthu, P., & Faizura, P. N. (2005).
Biodegradability of degradable plastic waste.
Waste management & research, 23(2), 95-100.
Akçaözoğlu, S., Atiş, C. D., & Akçaözoğlu, K. (2010).
An investigation on the use of shredded waste
PET bottles as aggregate in lightweight
concrete. Waste management, 30(2), 285-290.
Al-Hadithi, A. I., & Alani, M. F. (2018). Importance
of adding waste plastics to high-performance
concrete. Proceedings of the Institution of
Civil Engineers - Waste and Resource
Management, 171(2), 36-51.
doi:10.1680/jwarm.17.00040
Al-Manaseer, A., & Dalal, T. (1997). Concrete
containing plastic aggregates. Concrete
international, 19(8), 47-52.
Albano, C., Camacho, N., Hernandez, M., Matheus,
A., & Gutierrez, A. (2009). Influence of
content and particle size of waste pet bottles
on concrete behavior at different w/c ratios.
Waste Manag, 29(10), 2707-2716.
doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.05.007
Albano, C., Camacho, N., Hernández, M., Matheus,
A., & Gutiérrez, A. (2009). Influence of
content and particle size of waste pet bottles
on concrete behavior at different w/c ratios.
Waste Management, 29(10), 2707-2716.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2009.05.
007
Almeshal, I., Tayeh, B. A., Alyousef, R.,
Alabduljabbar, H., & Mohamed, A. M. (2020).
Eco-friendly concrete containing recycled
plastic as partial replacement for sand. Journal
of Materials Research and Technology.
Araghi, H. J., Nikbin, I., Reskati, S. R., Rahmani, E.,
& Allahyari, H. (2015). An experimental
investigation on the erosion resistance of
concrete containing various PET particles
percentages against sulfuric acid attack.
Construction and Building Materials, 77,
461-471.
Arora, A., & Dave, U. V. (2013). Utilization of
e-waste and plastic bottle waste in concrete.
International Journal of Students Research in
Technology & Management, 1(4), 398-406.
Ávila Córdoba, L., Martínez-Barrera, G., Barrera
Díaz, C., Ureña Nuñez, F., & Loza Yañez, A.
(2013). Effects on mechanical properties of
recycled PET in cement-based composites.
International Journal of Polymer Science,
2013.
Azhdarpour, A. M., Nikoudel, M. R., & Taheri, M.
(2016). The effect of using polyethylene
terephthalate particles on physical and
strength-related properties of concrete; a
laboratory evaluation. Construction and
Building Materials, 109, 55-62.
Bajracharya, R. M., Manalo, A. C., Karunasena, W.,
& Lau, K.-t. (2014). An overview of
mechanical properties and durability of
glass-fibre reinforced recycled mixed plastic
waste composites. Materials & Design
(1980-2015), 62, 98-112.
Batayneh, M., Marie, I., & Asi, I. (2007). Use of
selected waste materials in concrete mixes.
Waste Manag, 27(12), 1870-1876.
doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2006.07.026
Bhatti, J. A. (2010). Current state and potential for
increasing plastics recycling in the US. Wtert,
Columbia University.
Byung-Wan, J., Park, S.-K., & Cheol-Hwan, K.
(2006). Mechanical properties of polyester
polymer concrete using recycled polyethylene
terephthalate. ACI structural journal, 103(2),
219.
Choi, Y.-W., Moon, D.-J., Chung, J.-S., & Cho, S.-K.
(2005). Effects of waste PET bottles aggregate
on the properties of concrete. Cement and
Concrete Research, 35(4), 776-781.
doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.05.014
Choi, Y. W., Moon, D. J., Kim, Y. J., & Lachemi, M.
(2009). Characteristics of mortar and concrete
containing fine aggregate manufactured from
recycled waste polyethylene terephthalate
bottles. Construction and Building Materials,
23(8), 2829-2835.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.02.036
Dorf, R. (1996). The engineering handbook. In: CRC
Press, New York.
EuropePlastic. (2018). Plastics – the Facts 2018. An
Analysis of European Latest Plastics
Production, Demand and Waste Data.
Available online:
https://www.plasticseurope.org/en/resources/ ublications/619-plastics-facts-20180.
Frigione, M. (2010). Recycling of PET bottles as fine
aggregate in concrete. Waste management,
30(6), 1101-1106.
Ge, Z., Sun, R., Zhang, K., Gao, Z., & Li, P. (2013).
Physical and mechanical properties of mortar
using waste Polyethylene Terephthalate bottles.
Construction and Building Materials, 44,
81-86.
Geyer, R., Jambeck, J. R., & Law, K. L. (2017).
Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever
made. Science advances, 3(7), e1700782.
Gourmelon, G. (2015). Global plastic production
rises, recycling lags. New Worldwatch Institute
analysis explores trends in global plastic
consumption and recycling. Recuperado de
http://www. worldwatch. org, 208.
Hannawi, K., Kamali-Bernard, S., & Prince, W.
(2010). Physical and mechanical properties of
mortars containing PET and PC waste
aggregates. Waste Manag, 30(11), 2312-2320.
doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2010.03.028
Herki, B., Khatib, J., & Negim, E. (2013).
Lightweight concrete made from waste
polystyrene and fly ash. World Applied
Sciences Journal, 21(9), 1356-1360.
Ismail, Z. Z., & Al-Hashmi, E. A. (2008). Use of
waste plastic in concrete mixture as aggregate
replacement. Waste Manag, 28(11), 2041-2047.
doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2007.08.023
Juki, M. I., Awang, M., Annas, M. M. K., Boon, K. H.,
Othman, N., binti Abdul Kadir, A., . . . Khalid,
F. S. (2013). Relationship between
Compressive, Splitting Tensile and Flexural
Strength of Concrete Containing Granulated
Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)
Bottles as Fine Aggregate. Advanced
Materials Research, 795, 356-359.
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.795.356
Juki, M. I., Muhamad, K., Annas, M. M. K., Boon, K.
H., Othman, N., Asyraf, R., & Khalid, F. S.
(2013). Development of concrete mix design
nomograph containing polyethylene
terephtalate (PET) as fine aggregate. Paper
presented at the Advanced Materials Research.
Kim, S. B., Yi, N. H., Kim, H. Y., Kim, J.-H. J., &
Song, Y.-C. (2010). Material and structural
performance evaluation of recycled PET fiber
reinforced concrete. Cement and concrete
composites, 32(3), 232-240.
Kou, S., Lee, G., Poon, C., & Lai, W. (2009).
Properties of lightweight aggregate concrete
prepared with PVC granules derived from
scraped PVC pipes. Waste management, 29(2),
621-628.
Kumar, K. S., & Baskar, K. (2015). Recycling of
E-plastic waste as a construction material in
developing countries. Journal of material
cycles and waste management, 17(4), 718-724.
Lima, P. R. L., Leite, M. B., & Santiago, E. Q. R.
(2010). Recycled lightweight concrete made
from footwear industry waste and CDW. Waste
management, 30(6), 1107-1113.
Marzouk, O. Y., Dheilly, R., & Queneudec, M. (2007).
Valorization of post-consumer waste plastic in
cementitious concrete composites. Waste
management, 27(2), 310-318.
Mohammed, A. A. (2017a). Flexural behavior and
analysis of reinforced concrete beams made of
recycled PET waste concrete. Construction
and Building Materials, 155, 593-604.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.08.096
Mohammed, A. A. (2017b). Modelling the
mechanical properties of concrete containing
PET waste aggregate. Construction and
Building Materials, 150, 595-605.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.154
Ouda, O. K., Raza, S. A., Al-Waked, R., Al-Asad, J.
F., & Nizami, A.-S. (2017). Waste-to-energy
potential in the Western Province of Saudi
Arabia. Journal of King Saud
University-Engineering Sciences, 29(3),
212-220.
Oyenuga, A. A., & Bhamidimarri, R. (2015). Reduce,
Reuse and Recycle: Grand Challenges in
Construction Recovery Process. International
Journal of Environmental and Ecological
Engineering, 9(4), 1131-1137.
Pacheco-Torgal, F., Ding, Y., & Jalali, S. (2012).
Properties and durability of concrete
containing polymeric wastes (tyre rubber and
polyethylene terephthalate bottles): An
overview. Construction and Building
Materials, 30, 714-724.
Panyakapo, P., & Panyakapo, M. (2008). Reuse of
thermosetting plastic waste for lightweight
concrete. Waste management, 28(9),
1581-1588.
Pira, S. (2014). The future of PET packaging to 2019.
In: Smithers Pira.
Rahmani, E., Dehestani, M., Beygi, M., Allahyari, H.,
& Nikbin, I. (2013). On the mechanical
properties of concrete containing waste PET
particles. Construction and Building Materials,
47, 1302-1308.
Rahmani, E., Dehestani, M., Beygi, M. H. A.,
Allahyari, H., & Nikbin, I. M. (2013). On the
mechanical properties of concrete containing
waste PET particles. Construction and
Building Materials, 47, 1302-1308.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.06.041
Rai, B., Rushad, S. T., Kr, B., & Duggal, S. (2012a).
Study of waste plastic mix concrete with
plasticizer. ISRN Civil Engineering, 2012. Rai, B., Rushad, S. T., Kr, B., & Duggal, S. K.
(2012b). Study of Waste Plastic Mix Concrete
with Plasticizer. ISRN civil engineering, 2012,
1-5. doi:10.5402/2012/469272
Safi, B., Saidi, M., Aboutaleb, D., & Maallem, M.
(2013). The use of plastic waste as fine
aggregate in the self-compacting mortars:
Effect on physical and mechanical properties.
Construction and Building Materials, 43,
436-442.
Saikia, N., & de Brito, J. (2012). Use of plastic waste
as aggregate in cement mortar and concrete
preparation: A review. Construction and Building
Materials, 34, 385-401.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.066
Saikia, N., & de Brito, J. (2014). Mechanical
properties and abrasion behaviour of concrete
containing shredded PET bottle waste as a partial
substitution of natural aggregate. Construction and
Building Materials, 52, 236-244.
Saiter, J., Sreekumar, P., & Youssef, B. (2011).
Different ways for re-using polymer based wastes.
The examples of works done in European countries.
Recent Developments in Polymer Recycling, 261,
291.
Siddique, R., Khatib, J., & Kaur, I. (2008). Use of
recycled plastic in concrete: A review. Waste
management, 28(10), 1835-1852.
Silva, R. V., de Brito, J., & Saikia, N. (2013).
Influence of curing conditions on the
durability-related performance of concrete made with
selected plastic waste aggregates. Cement and
concrete composites, 35(1), 23-31.
Singh, S., Nagar, R., Agrawal, V., Rana, A., & Tiwari,
A. (2016). Sustainable utilization of granite cutting
waste in high strength concrete. Journal of Cleaner
Production, 116, 223-235.
Sosoi, G., Barbuta, M., Serbanoiu, A. A., Babor, D.,
& Burlacu, A. (2018). Wastes as aggregate
substitution in polymer concrete. Procedia
Manufacturing, 22, 347-351.
Tang, W. C., Lo, Y., & Nadeem, A. (2008).
Mechanical and drying shrinkage properties of
structural-graded polystyrene aggregate concrete.
Cement and concrete composites, 30(5), 403-409.
doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2008.01.002
VOON, P. S. (2015). COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR
OF POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PET) AS
PARTIAL COARSE AGGREGATE REPLACEMENT
IN CONCRETE. UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA
PAHANG,
Wang, R., & Meyer, C. (2012). Performance of
cement mortar made with recycled high impact
polystyrene. Cement and concrete composites, 34(9),
975-981.
Williams, P. T. (2005). Waste treatment and disposal:
John Wiley & Sons.
Wong, S., Ngadi, N., Abdullah, T., & Inuwa, I. (2015).
Current state and future prospects of plastic waste as
source of fuel: A review. Renewable and sustainable
energy reviews, 50, 1167-1180.
Yang, S., Yue, X., Liu, X., & Tong, Y. (2015).
Properties of self-compacting lightweight concrete
containing recycled plastic particles. Construction
and Building Materials, 84, 444-453.
Biodegradability of degradable plastic waste.
Waste management & research, 23(2), 95-100.
Akçaözoğlu, S., Atiş, C. D., & Akçaözoğlu, K. (2010).
An investigation on the use of shredded waste
PET bottles as aggregate in lightweight
concrete. Waste management, 30(2), 285-290.
Al-Hadithi, A. I., & Alani, M. F. (2018). Importance
of adding waste plastics to high-performance
concrete. Proceedings of the Institution of
Civil Engineers - Waste and Resource
Management, 171(2), 36-51.
doi:10.1680/jwarm.17.00040
Al-Manaseer, A., & Dalal, T. (1997). Concrete
containing plastic aggregates. Concrete
international, 19(8), 47-52.
Albano, C., Camacho, N., Hernandez, M., Matheus,
A., & Gutierrez, A. (2009). Influence of
content and particle size of waste pet bottles
on concrete behavior at different w/c ratios.
Waste Manag, 29(10), 2707-2716.
doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.05.007
Albano, C., Camacho, N., Hernández, M., Matheus,
A., & Gutiérrez, A. (2009). Influence of
content and particle size of waste pet bottles
on concrete behavior at different w/c ratios.
Waste Management, 29(10), 2707-2716.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2009.05.
007
Almeshal, I., Tayeh, B. A., Alyousef, R.,
Alabduljabbar, H., & Mohamed, A. M. (2020).
Eco-friendly concrete containing recycled
plastic as partial replacement for sand. Journal
of Materials Research and Technology.
Araghi, H. J., Nikbin, I., Reskati, S. R., Rahmani, E.,
& Allahyari, H. (2015). An experimental
investigation on the erosion resistance of
concrete containing various PET particles
percentages against sulfuric acid attack.
Construction and Building Materials, 77,
461-471.
Arora, A., & Dave, U. V. (2013). Utilization of
e-waste and plastic bottle waste in concrete.
International Journal of Students Research in
Technology & Management, 1(4), 398-406.
Ávila Córdoba, L., Martínez-Barrera, G., Barrera
Díaz, C., Ureña Nuñez, F., & Loza Yañez, A.
(2013). Effects on mechanical properties of
recycled PET in cement-based composites.
International Journal of Polymer Science,
2013.
Azhdarpour, A. M., Nikoudel, M. R., & Taheri, M.
(2016). The effect of using polyethylene
terephthalate particles on physical and
strength-related properties of concrete; a
laboratory evaluation. Construction and
Building Materials, 109, 55-62.
Bajracharya, R. M., Manalo, A. C., Karunasena, W.,
& Lau, K.-t. (2014). An overview of
mechanical properties and durability of
glass-fibre reinforced recycled mixed plastic
waste composites. Materials & Design
(1980-2015), 62, 98-112.
Batayneh, M., Marie, I., & Asi, I. (2007). Use of
selected waste materials in concrete mixes.
Waste Manag, 27(12), 1870-1876.
doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2006.07.026
Bhatti, J. A. (2010). Current state and potential for
increasing plastics recycling in the US. Wtert,
Columbia University.
Byung-Wan, J., Park, S.-K., & Cheol-Hwan, K.
(2006). Mechanical properties of polyester
polymer concrete using recycled polyethylene
terephthalate. ACI structural journal, 103(2),
219.
Choi, Y.-W., Moon, D.-J., Chung, J.-S., & Cho, S.-K.
(2005). Effects of waste PET bottles aggregate
on the properties of concrete. Cement and
Concrete Research, 35(4), 776-781.
doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.05.014
Choi, Y. W., Moon, D. J., Kim, Y. J., & Lachemi, M.
(2009). Characteristics of mortar and concrete
containing fine aggregate manufactured from
recycled waste polyethylene terephthalate
bottles. Construction and Building Materials,
23(8), 2829-2835.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.02.036
Dorf, R. (1996). The engineering handbook. In: CRC
Press, New York.
EuropePlastic. (2018). Plastics – the Facts 2018. An
Analysis of European Latest Plastics
Production, Demand and Waste Data.
Available online:
https://www.plasticseurope.org/en/resources/ ublications/619-plastics-facts-20180.
Frigione, M. (2010). Recycling of PET bottles as fine
aggregate in concrete. Waste management,
30(6), 1101-1106.
Ge, Z., Sun, R., Zhang, K., Gao, Z., & Li, P. (2013).
Physical and mechanical properties of mortar
using waste Polyethylene Terephthalate bottles.
Construction and Building Materials, 44,
81-86.
Geyer, R., Jambeck, J. R., & Law, K. L. (2017).
Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever
made. Science advances, 3(7), e1700782.
Gourmelon, G. (2015). Global plastic production
rises, recycling lags. New Worldwatch Institute
analysis explores trends in global plastic
consumption and recycling. Recuperado de
http://www. worldwatch. org, 208.
Hannawi, K., Kamali-Bernard, S., & Prince, W.
(2010). Physical and mechanical properties of
mortars containing PET and PC waste
aggregates. Waste Manag, 30(11), 2312-2320.
doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2010.03.028
Herki, B., Khatib, J., & Negim, E. (2013).
Lightweight concrete made from waste
polystyrene and fly ash. World Applied
Sciences Journal, 21(9), 1356-1360.
Ismail, Z. Z., & Al-Hashmi, E. A. (2008). Use of
waste plastic in concrete mixture as aggregate
replacement. Waste Manag, 28(11), 2041-2047.
doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2007.08.023
Juki, M. I., Awang, M., Annas, M. M. K., Boon, K. H.,
Othman, N., binti Abdul Kadir, A., . . . Khalid,
F. S. (2013). Relationship between
Compressive, Splitting Tensile and Flexural
Strength of Concrete Containing Granulated
Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)
Bottles as Fine Aggregate. Advanced
Materials Research, 795, 356-359.
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.795.356
Juki, M. I., Muhamad, K., Annas, M. M. K., Boon, K.
H., Othman, N., Asyraf, R., & Khalid, F. S.
(2013). Development of concrete mix design
nomograph containing polyethylene
terephtalate (PET) as fine aggregate. Paper
presented at the Advanced Materials Research.
Kim, S. B., Yi, N. H., Kim, H. Y., Kim, J.-H. J., &
Song, Y.-C. (2010). Material and structural
performance evaluation of recycled PET fiber
reinforced concrete. Cement and concrete
composites, 32(3), 232-240.
Kou, S., Lee, G., Poon, C., & Lai, W. (2009).
Properties of lightweight aggregate concrete
prepared with PVC granules derived from
scraped PVC pipes. Waste management, 29(2),
621-628.
Kumar, K. S., & Baskar, K. (2015). Recycling of
E-plastic waste as a construction material in
developing countries. Journal of material
cycles and waste management, 17(4), 718-724.
Lima, P. R. L., Leite, M. B., & Santiago, E. Q. R.
(2010). Recycled lightweight concrete made
from footwear industry waste and CDW. Waste
management, 30(6), 1107-1113.
Marzouk, O. Y., Dheilly, R., & Queneudec, M. (2007).
Valorization of post-consumer waste plastic in
cementitious concrete composites. Waste
management, 27(2), 310-318.
Mohammed, A. A. (2017a). Flexural behavior and
analysis of reinforced concrete beams made of
recycled PET waste concrete. Construction
and Building Materials, 155, 593-604.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.08.096
Mohammed, A. A. (2017b). Modelling the
mechanical properties of concrete containing
PET waste aggregate. Construction and
Building Materials, 150, 595-605.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.154
Ouda, O. K., Raza, S. A., Al-Waked, R., Al-Asad, J.
F., & Nizami, A.-S. (2017). Waste-to-energy
potential in the Western Province of Saudi
Arabia. Journal of King Saud
University-Engineering Sciences, 29(3),
212-220.
Oyenuga, A. A., & Bhamidimarri, R. (2015). Reduce,
Reuse and Recycle: Grand Challenges in
Construction Recovery Process. International
Journal of Environmental and Ecological
Engineering, 9(4), 1131-1137.
Pacheco-Torgal, F., Ding, Y., & Jalali, S. (2012).
Properties and durability of concrete
containing polymeric wastes (tyre rubber and
polyethylene terephthalate bottles): An
overview. Construction and Building
Materials, 30, 714-724.
Panyakapo, P., & Panyakapo, M. (2008). Reuse of
thermosetting plastic waste for lightweight
concrete. Waste management, 28(9),
1581-1588.
Pira, S. (2014). The future of PET packaging to 2019.
In: Smithers Pira.
Rahmani, E., Dehestani, M., Beygi, M., Allahyari, H.,
& Nikbin, I. (2013). On the mechanical
properties of concrete containing waste PET
particles. Construction and Building Materials,
47, 1302-1308.
Rahmani, E., Dehestani, M., Beygi, M. H. A.,
Allahyari, H., & Nikbin, I. M. (2013). On the
mechanical properties of concrete containing
waste PET particles. Construction and
Building Materials, 47, 1302-1308.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.06.041
Rai, B., Rushad, S. T., Kr, B., & Duggal, S. (2012a).
Study of waste plastic mix concrete with
plasticizer. ISRN Civil Engineering, 2012. Rai, B., Rushad, S. T., Kr, B., & Duggal, S. K.
(2012b). Study of Waste Plastic Mix Concrete
with Plasticizer. ISRN civil engineering, 2012,
1-5. doi:10.5402/2012/469272
Safi, B., Saidi, M., Aboutaleb, D., & Maallem, M.
(2013). The use of plastic waste as fine
aggregate in the self-compacting mortars:
Effect on physical and mechanical properties.
Construction and Building Materials, 43,
436-442.
Saikia, N., & de Brito, J. (2012). Use of plastic waste
as aggregate in cement mortar and concrete
preparation: A review. Construction and Building
Materials, 34, 385-401.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.066
Saikia, N., & de Brito, J. (2014). Mechanical
properties and abrasion behaviour of concrete
containing shredded PET bottle waste as a partial
substitution of natural aggregate. Construction and
Building Materials, 52, 236-244.
Saiter, J., Sreekumar, P., & Youssef, B. (2011).
Different ways for re-using polymer based wastes.
The examples of works done in European countries.
Recent Developments in Polymer Recycling, 261,
291.
Siddique, R., Khatib, J., & Kaur, I. (2008). Use of
recycled plastic in concrete: A review. Waste
management, 28(10), 1835-1852.
Silva, R. V., de Brito, J., & Saikia, N. (2013).
Influence of curing conditions on the
durability-related performance of concrete made with
selected plastic waste aggregates. Cement and
concrete composites, 35(1), 23-31.
Singh, S., Nagar, R., Agrawal, V., Rana, A., & Tiwari,
A. (2016). Sustainable utilization of granite cutting
waste in high strength concrete. Journal of Cleaner
Production, 116, 223-235.
Sosoi, G., Barbuta, M., Serbanoiu, A. A., Babor, D.,
& Burlacu, A. (2018). Wastes as aggregate
substitution in polymer concrete. Procedia
Manufacturing, 22, 347-351.
Tang, W. C., Lo, Y., & Nadeem, A. (2008).
Mechanical and drying shrinkage properties of
structural-graded polystyrene aggregate concrete.
Cement and concrete composites, 30(5), 403-409.
doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2008.01.002
VOON, P. S. (2015). COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR
OF POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PET) AS
PARTIAL COARSE AGGREGATE REPLACEMENT
IN CONCRETE. UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA
PAHANG,
Wang, R., & Meyer, C. (2012). Performance of
cement mortar made with recycled high impact
polystyrene. Cement and concrete composites, 34(9),
975-981.
Williams, P. T. (2005). Waste treatment and disposal:
John Wiley & Sons.
Wong, S., Ngadi, N., Abdullah, T., & Inuwa, I. (2015).
Current state and future prospects of plastic waste as
source of fuel: A review. Renewable and sustainable
energy reviews, 50, 1167-1180.
Yang, S., Yue, X., Liu, X., & Tong, Y. (2015).
Properties of self-compacting lightweight concrete
containing recycled plastic particles. Construction
and Building Materials, 84, 444-453.
Published
2021-01-05
How to Cite
QAIDI, S. M. A., & AL-KAMAKI, Y. S. S. (2021). STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEW: CONCRETE MADE OF RECYCLED WASTE PET AS FINE AGGREGATE. Journal of Duhok University, 23(2), 412-429. https://doi.org/10.26682/csjuod.2020.23.2.34
Section
Pure and Engineering Sciences
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